III. Beowulf Bibliography
A. Latin/Danish/Norwegian
Editions
1815: Thorkelin, Grímur Jónsson. De Danorum rebus gestis secul. III et IV. Poëma Danicum dialecto Anglo-Saxonica (Copenhagen), pp. xx, 299. Rvw: G-s [=G.W. Gumælius] Iduna 7 (1817), 133–59; N.F.S. Grundtvig GgA (8 Jan. 1818), 41–47, and in Nyeste Skilderie af Kjöbenhavn nos. 60ff. (1815), cols. 945, 998, 1009, 1025, 1030, 1045, 1106, 1121, 1139 [with responses to Grundtvig by Thorkelin, ibid. cols. 1057–61, 1073–80]; Pem [= P. E. Miller] Dansk-Litteratur-Tidende (1815), pp. 401–32, 437–46, 461–62; N. Outzen Kieler Blätter (1816), III, 307–27; ‘Pia’ Ergänzungsblätter zur Jenaischen allgemeinen Literatur-Zeitung nos. 45, 46 (1816), 354–66; B. Pontoppidan Nyeste Skilderie … nos. 75, 85 (1815); [W. Taylor] Monthly Review 81 (1816), 516–23. [GR 1632] [Text and Latin translation in parallel columns. For discussion of reviews of Thorkelin’s edition, see Haarder’s Beowulf: The Appeal of a Poem in I above. For facing-page translation of and discussion of Thorkelin’s preface, see Bjork, “Thorkelin’s Preface” in I above.]
1847: Schaldemose, Frederik. Beo-Wulf og Scopes Widsið, to angelsaxiske Digte, med Oversættelse og oplysende Anmærkninger (Copenhagen; 2nd ed., 1851). 188 pp. Rvw: P. A. Munch, in Lange’s Norsk Tidsskrfit for Videnskab og Litteratur 2 (1848) 133–38. [Kemble’s text with Danish translation in parallel columns, pp. 1–148, plus commentary on the geographical, historical, and mythic elements in the poem, pp. 149–75; text and translation in parallel columns of “The Finnsburg Fragment,” pp. 161–64, and of “Widsith,” pp. 176–82, with commentary.] [GR 1634]
1861: Grundtvig, N. F. S. Beowulfes Beorh eller Bjovulfs-Drapen det Old-Angelske Heltedigt (Copenhagen), pp. lviii, 210. Rvw: [C. W. M.] Gr[ein] LitZbl 13 (1862), 488–90. Go to http://www.grundtvigsværker.dk/. [GR 1636]
Cultural & Historical / Authorship & Date
1841: Francke, E. C. T. “Om Folkevandringernes Inflydelse paa det gamle Skandinaviens (navnligen Danmarks) Religion og Mythologie” [Dansk] Historisk Tidsskrift 1.2, 273–392; see esp. pp. 342ff., 365ff., and 381–83 for commentary mainly on Scef. [GR 1773]
1844: Grundtvig, N. S. F. Brage-Snak om Græske og Nordiske Myther og Oldsagn for Domer og Herrer (Copenhagen). Go to http://www.grundtvigsværker.dk/. [Includes a brief discussion of Beowulf, pp. 322ff.] [GR 1662]
1852–54: Brynjúlfsson, Gísli. “Oldengelsk og Oldnordisk,” Antiquarisk Tidsskrift 4 (Copenhagen), 81–143. [Argues for the poem’s links with Danish and Icelandic, not German, legend, and for OE being a South Scandinavian instead of a West Germanic language.] [GR 1783]
1858: Schiern, Frederik E. A. “Et Par Anmærkninger til Beowulf,” Annaler for Nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historie 18, 3–8. [GR 1789] [On Ongenþeow.]
1858: —. “Om Navnet Lodbrog hos Angelsaxerne,” Annaler for Nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historie 18, 8–11. [On Beowulf and The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.] [GR 1790]
1862: *Jessen, C. A. E. Undersøgelser til nordisk oldhistorie (Copenhagen). [See esp. pp. 47–50 and 55 on Beowulf, 50–51.]
1875: Schiern, Frederik E. A. “Om nogle gamle Navne.” Nyere historiske Studier 1, 65–74. [GR 1803] [On a number of names in Beowulf, including Ongenþeow, Hygelac, Wealþeow, and Merewioingas.]
1883: Rønning, F. ‘Beovulfs-Kvadet’: en literær-historisk undersøgelse (Copenhagen), 175 pp. Rvw: [R.] Heinzel AfdA 10 (1884), 233–39; LitZbl 35 (1884), 94; Nordisk Revy (1883), cols 170–71. [GR 1816] [A refutation of Liedertheorie as applied to Beowulf.]
1890: Bugge, Sophus. “Bidrag til nordiske Navnes Historie,” AfNF 6, 225–45. [On names of Danes, Weahltheow, etc.] [GR 1844]
1890–92: —, and Axel Olrik ‘Røveren ved Gråsten … og … Beowulf,’ Dania I (1890–92), 233–45 [On lines 2231–71.] [GR 1847]
1892: Olrik, Axel “Er Uffesagnet indvandret fra England? Bemærkninger til Müllenhoffs Beovulf,” AfNF 8, 368–75. [GR 1851]
1894: *—. “Skjoldungasaga i Arngrim Jonssons Udtog,” Aarbøger for nordisk Oldkyndighed og Historie 9, 83–164.
1894: *—. Kilderne til Sakses Oldhistorie: II. Norröne sagaer og danske sagn (Copenhagen), pp. 177–83.
1896: Bugge, Sophus. Helge-Digtene i den aeldre Edda (Copenhagen), 355 pp. Rev. ed.: English translation by William H. Schofield as The Home of the Eddic Poems: with Especial Reference to the Helgi-Lays (London, 1899), 403 pp. [Of marginal relevance to OE.] [GR 935]
1901: Lehmann, Edvard. “Fandens Oldemor,” Dania 8, 179–94. Translated into German as “Teufels Grossmutter,” Archiv für Religionswissenschaft 8 (1905), 411–30. [GR 1883]
1903: Olrik, Axel Danmarks Heltedigtning, en oldtidsstudie: I. Rolf Krake og den ældre Skjoldungrække (Copenhagen, 1903), 352 pp. Rvw: R. C. Boer Museum 11 (1903), 102–06; W. Golther LGRPh 28 (1907), 8–9; A. Heusler AfdA 30 (1906), 26–36; E. Mogk Zeitschrift für Volkskunde 14 (1904), 250–52; K Mortenen NTVKI (1903) 410–14; L. Pineau Rev crit 56 (1903) 487–88; W. Ranisch AfNF 21 (1905) 276–80 [GR 1891]. Translated into English and revised in collaboration with the author by Lee M. Hollander, as The Heroic Legends of Denmark (New York, 1919), pp. xviii, 530. Rvw: G. T. Flom JEGP 19 (1920), 284–90; A. F. Major YBVS 6–16 (1914–24), 66–68; W. E. Mead Nation 110 (1920) 520–21; G. Schütte SS 6 (1920–21), 210–21.
1904: Hansen, Andreas Martin. Landnåm i Norge. En Utsigt over Bosætningens Historie (Christiania), 154–207, esp. pp. 162–63. [GR 1896]
1907: *Schütte, Gudmund. Oldsagn om Godtjod: bidrag til etnisk Kildeforsknings metode med særligt henblik på folk-stamsagn (Copenhagen), 204 pp. Rvws: A. Olrik DS 4 (1907), 193–201, abstracted in English by A. Nutt for Folklore 19 (1908), 353–59; A. F. Major Saga-Book 5.2 (1908), 411–12.
1907: Olrik, Axel. Nordisk Aandsliv i Vikingetid og tidlig Middelalder (Copenhagen). See p. 73. German trans as Nordisches Geistesleben in heidnischer und frühchristlicher Zeit (Heidelberg, 1908) by Wilhelm Ranisch. 2nd ed.: rev by Hans Ellekilde, 1927; English trans by Jacob W. Hartmann and H. A. Larsen as Viking Civilization (New York, 1930) pp. 246. [GR 1916]
1908: —. “Episke Love i folkedigtningen” DS 5, 69–89. [Mentions Beowulf, p. 79.] A slightly different version in German, “Epische Gesetze der Volksdichtung.,” ZfdA 51 (1909–10), 1–12 [GR 1921]. *Translated into English from the German version by Jeanne P. Steager, “Epic Laws of Folk Narrative.” In The Study of Folklore, edited by Alan Dundes (Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1965), pp. 129–41.
1910: —. Danmarks Heltedigtning, en oldtidsstudie: II, Starkad den gamle og den yngre Skjoldungrække (Copenhagen), 322 pp. [First mention of the connection between Pekko and Beow, pp. 254–55.] Rvw: R. C. Boer Museum 19 (1912), 171–74; M. Cahen Rev germ 8 (1912), 203–06; W. Golther LGRPh 32 (1911), 393–95; A. Heusler AfdA 35 (1911), 169–83; L. Pineau Rev crit 71 (1911) 212–13; H. Ussing DS 7 (1910) 193–203. [GR 1934]
1915: Kier, Christian Ludwig. Beowulf: Et Bidrag til Nordens Oldhistorie (Copenhagen), 192 pp. Rvw: E. Björkman Beibl 27 (1916), 244–46. [GR 1976] [For further discussion, see E. Hjärne “Vagi fluvius och Vatà. En historisk ortnamnsstudie,” NB 5 (1917), 53–89.]
1916: Logeman, Henri. “Bøigens oprindelse.,” DS 13, 168–88, esp. pp. 174–79. [GR 1980] [On Grendel.]
1918: Clausen, H. V. “Kong Hugleik,” DS 15, 137–49. [GR 1999]
1919: Schütte, Gudmund. Hjemligt Hedenskab (Copenhagen), 239 pp. [GR 2015] [Beowulf mentioned on pp. 44, 88, 127, 168, and 219.] [Revised, abridged, and translated into German as Dänisches Heldentum (Heidelberg, 1923), 154 pp.]
1919: Severinsen, P. “Kong Hugleiks Dødsaar,” DS 16, 96. [GR 2016]
1920: La Cour, Vilhelm. “Lejrestudier,” DS 17, 49–67. [GR 2022]
1920: Schütte, Gudmund. “Vidsid og Slægtssagnene om Hengest og Angantyr,” AfNF 36, 1–32. [GR 2030]
1921: La Cour, Vilhelm. “Lejrestudier: Mindesmærkerne,” DS 18, 147–66. [GR 2034]
1921: Olrik, Axel. Nogle Grundsætninger for Sagnforskning; efter forfatterens død udg. af Dansk Folkemindesamling ved Hans Ellekilde. Danmarks Folkeminder 23 (Copenhagen), 199 pp. Rvw: W. Golther LGRPh 43 (1922), 237–39. [GR 2037] English trans. by Kirsten Wolf and Jody Jensen. Principles for Oral Narrative Research (Bloomington, 1992), 244 pp.
1922: Boer, R. C. “Studier over Skjoldungedigtningen,” Aarboger for Nordisk Oldlsynighed og Historie 22, 133–266. [GR 2039]
1922: Knudsen, Gunnar. ‘Udlejre’ DS 19, 176–77. [GR 2043]
1922: Schütte, Gudmund. “En gammel Kulturvej fra Lilleasien til Skandinavien,” DS 19, 40–54. [GR 2046] [On p. 52, suggests that Herebeald = Baldr.]
1923: Hagen, Silvert N. “Yrsa og Rolf Krake,” DS 20, 180–82. [GR 2051]
1924: La Cour, Vilhelm. “Lejrestudier: Navnet,” DS 21, 13–22. [GR 2061] [Cf. August F. Schmidt, “Lejrskov,” DS 23 (1926), 77–81.]
1926: La Cour, Vilhelm. “Skjoldungefejden,” DS 23, 147–56. [GR 2077] [Reply to Boer, “Studier over Skjoldungedigtningen.”]
1926: Schütte, Gudmund. Vor Folkegruppe Gottjod: de gotiske, tyske, nederlandske, angelsaxiske, frisiske og nordiske Stammer i etnologisk Fremstilling (Copenhagen), vol. 1, 299 pp. Rvw: G. Indrebö Zeitschrift für Ortsnamenforschung 8 (1932), 175–76; R. Much AfdA 47 (1928), 160–66; M. Schönfeld APS 3 (1928), 86–89, vol. 2, in typescript. English trans by Jean Young, Our Forefathers, the Gothonic Nations. A Manual of the Ethnography of the Gothic, German, Dutch, A-S, Frisian and Scandinavian Peoples, 2 vols. (Cambridge, 1929–33), 483 pp. [See esp. sections 214–25.] Rvw: S. B. NTVKI 12 (1936), 409–10; W. E. Collinson MLR 25 (1930), 231–34; F. C. Dauchin LanM 28 (1930), 281; E. Ekwall Antiquity 4 (1930), 527–28; G. T. Flom JEGP 33 (1934), 571–76; S. Gutenbrunner AfdA 54 (1935), 95–97; A. G. van Hamel Museum 41 (1934), 157–59; G. Knudsen DS 31 (1934), 84–88; K. Malone MLN 50 (1935), 106–08; A. Mawer EHR 45 (1930), 641–42; F. Mossé Rev germ 22 (1931), 194–95, and ibid. 25 (1934), 247–48; G. Neckel DLitztg 55 (1934), 268–71; F. R. Schröder GRM 22 (1934), 66; M. S. S[erjeantson] SBVS 11 (1928–36), 103–05; TLS (22 Aug. 1929), 644. [GR 2080]
1927: —. “Daner og Eruler,” DS 24, 65–74. [GR 2090]
1930: —. “Geaterspørgsmaalet,” DS 27, 70–81. [GR 2124]
1933: —. “Daner, Sveer, Geater i episk Rang,” DS 30, 36–42. [GR 2139]
1934: —. “Tendensdigtning i Heltesagnet,” DS 31, 145–65. [GR 2150] [Comments on Beowulf on pp. 147, 155, 156, and 158–60 and alludes to “Widsith” on pp. 148 and 156.]
1935: Brix, Hans. “Bjarkemaalet.” In Analyser og Problemer: Undersögelser i den ældre danske Litteratur II (Copenhagen), 5–32. Rvw: M. Kristensen DS 32 (1935), 85–86; P. V. Rubow, DS 32 (1935), 79–85. [GR 2154]
1940: Schütte, Gudmund. “Episoderne med Hygelac og Ongentheow,” DS 37, 49–58. [GR 2196]
1942: —. “Skjoldungsagnene i ny Læsemåde,” DS 39, 81–100. [GR 2201]
1945–48: Boberg, Inger M. “Er Skjoldungerne Hunnerkonger?” APS 18, 257–67. [GR 2216]
1949: Kuhn, Hans. “Kappar og berserkir,” Skirnir 123, 98–113. Published in German in slightly different form as “Kämpen und Berserker,” Frühmittelalterliche Studien 2 (1968), 218–27. [GR 2220] [Beowulf cited passim.]
1968: Starcke, Viggo. “Fyder eller Göter: Hven var Geaterne, Beowulfs Folk?” Berlingske Tidendes Kronik (6 June), p. 7. [GR 2326]
1972: *Bæksted, Anders. “Bjovulf.” In Guder og helte i Norden. Illustrated by Palle Bregnhøi. 3rd ed. (Copenhagen), pp. 336–44.
1981: *Reich, Ebbe Klovedal. De første: 30 fortælinger om Danmarks fødsel. Illustrated by Ib Spang Olsen. 2nd ed. (Copenhagen), pp. 167–87. [Loose paraphrase of first part of poem.]
1984: *Friis-Jensen, Karsten, and Claus Lund, trans. Skjodungernes Saga. Kong Skjold og hans slægt Rolf Krake, Harald Hildetand, Ragnar Lodbrog. Introduction and notes by Claus Lund (Copenhagen), 154 pp.
1985: *Kragh, Bodil. “Heorot revisited”: håbløshed og heltemod : brugen af Beowulf – som litteratur og i litteratur – i det tyvende århundrede, med hovedvægt på J.R.R. Tolkiens forfatterskab. (Odense).
1991: *Christensen, Tom. Lejre: syn og sagn (Roskilde), 111 pp. English trans by Faith Ingwersen. Lejre: Fact and Fable in John D. Niles, Beowulf and Lejre (Tempe, 2007), pp. 13–101. [A discussion of the English translation is included in a review of Beowulf and Lejre by R. Dance 77 (2008), 121–23.]
2005: *Christensen, Arne Søby. “Beowulf, Hygelac og Chlochilaichus: Om beretningskronologien i Beowulf,” Historisk Tidsskrift 105.1, 40–79. English summary, pp. 78–79.
2007: *Råsled, Bengt. Landet söder om Vänern: Makt och samhällsutvweckling i Västergötland speglad genom arkeologin, historien och myten. (Göteborg), pp. 49–51, 221.
2008: *—. Götland: Språkområdet Götland och dess forntida “internationella relationer” (Göteborg), pp. 36–47.
2014: *—. Landet vädermark, Beowulfs Swiorice: utveckling i Beowulfs Swiorice och övriga Götland speglad genom historia, forntidsgeografi, folkvandringar, internationella relationer, makt, samhällsutveckling och embryon till det blivande Sverige. Del. 2 (Mjölby). [Basing his argument partially on those of Carl Otto Fast, Råsled advances the “Kinnekulle” hypothesis that the poem is connected to the area around Kinnekulle mountain on the eastern shore of lake Vänern in Västergötland.]
2021: *Egerkrans, Johan. Drakar. Illustrated by Egerkrans. (Stockholm), pp. 80–87.
Textual Criticism
1868–69: Bugge, Sophus. “Spredte iagttagelser vedkommende de oldengelska digte om Beowulf og Waldere,” TfPP 8, 40–78, 287–307. [GR 2361]
1930: Pedersen, Holger. “Oldengelsk fæmne.” In A Grammatical Miscellany Offered to Otto Jespersen on his Seventieth Birthday, ed. N. Bøgholm et al. (Copenhagen), pp. 55–68. [GR 2495] [On line 2034.]
Literary Interpretations
1815: Grundtvig, N. F. S. “Et Par Ord om det nys udkomne angelsaxsiske Digt,” Nyeste Skilderie af Kjøbenhavn, nos. 60, 63, 64, 65, and 66. Go to http://www.grundtvigsværker.dk/. [Listed in GR 1632] [Primarily a response to an anonymous review of Thorkelin’s first edition of Beowulf. English trans by Mark Bradshaw Busbee. GS 66.1 (2015), 7–36.]
1817: —. “Om Bjovulfs Drape eller det af Hr. Statsraad Thorkelin 1815 udgivne angelsachsiste Digt,” Dannevirke 2, 207–89. Go to http://www.grundtvigsværker.dk/. [GR 2709] [Here on pp. 284–85 Grundtvig identifies Hygelac (Hilac) as Chochilaicus (Cohilac) of Gregory of Tours and thus provides the only datable reference (ca. 515–20 CE) in the poem. In “Et Par Ord,” no. 65, col. 1030, Grundtvig mentions the possibility of the connection between Hygelac and Chochilaicus.]
1841: —. “Bjovulfs Drape eller det Oldnordiske Heltedigt,” Brage og Idun 4, 481–538. Go to http://www.grundtvigsværker.dk/. [GR 2711] [Review of several editions of the poem.]
1875: Schrøder, Ludvig. Om Bjovulfs-Drapen: Efter en række foredrag på folkehøjskole i Askov (Copenhagen). [GR 2715] [Offers elaborate symbolic reading of the poem.]
1917: Fog, Reginald. “Trolden ‘Grendel’ i Bjovulf: En Hypothese,” DS 14, 134–40. [GR 2747] [Argues that Grendel symbolizes infectious disease.]
1919: —. “Bjarkemaals ‘Hjalte’,” DS 16, 29–36. [GR 2751] [Includes letter by Axel Olrik.]
1965: Haarder, Andreas. “Et gammelt indlæg i en ny debat: Grundtvigs vurdering af Beowulf som kunstværk.,” GS, 7–36. [GR 2927] [Basis for Haarder, Beowulf: The Appeal of a Poem (1975), chapter 4 and appendix 1.]
2023: *Zeruneith, Keld. Beowulf: The Tragedy of a Hero: A Reading. Translated from the Danish original by Paul Russell Garrett (Sorø).
Scholars and Scholarship
1888: Molbech, K. F., and L. Schrøder. Christian Molbech og Nikolai Frederik Severin Grundtvig; en Brevvexling (Copenhagen), pp. 213–18. [GR 3177] [On the publication of early English texts.]
1946: Toldberg, Helge. Grundtvig som Filolog (Copenhagen). [GR 3187]
1947: —. “Grundtvig og de engelske Antikvarer,” Orbis Litterarum 5, 258–311. [GR 3188] [With English summary.]
1948: —. “Grundtvig belyst af en modern anglist,” GS, 98–102. [GR 3190]
1950: —. Grundtvigs Symbolverden (Copenhagen), esp. chapter 6. [GR 3192]
1960: Malone, Kemp. “Gundtvigs oversættelse af Beowulf,” GS, 7–25. [GR 3193]
1968: Haarder, Andreas. “Syv Beowulf-anmeldere,” GS, 65–75. [GR 3195] [English translation in Haarder, Beowulf: The Appeal of the Poem (1975), chapter 1.]
1971: Paulsen, Asta. “Bjovulf” Vartovbogen (Copenhagen), pp. 33–53. [GR 3017] [On Grundtvig’s engagement with Beowulf with a summary of the poem, pp. 35–45]
B. Swedish
Cultural and Historical Studies
1884: Fahlbeck, Pontus. “Beovulfskvädet såsom källa för nordisk fornhistoria,” ATfS 8.2, 1–88. Rvw: Acad 29 (1886), 12. [GR 1819] [Contains summary of Beowulf, pp. 4–21.]
1903: Stjerna, Knut. “Hjälmar och svärd i Beovulf.” In Studier tillägnade Oscar Montelius (Stockholm), pp. 99–120. [GR 1892] [Translated into English by John R. Clark Hall as “Helmets and Swords in Beowulf” in Essays and Questions Connected with the Old English Poem of “Beowulf” (Coventry, 1912), pp. 1–32.]
1903–05: —. “Arkeologiska anteckningar till Beovulf,” Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademiens Månadsblad 32–34, 436–51. [GR 1903] [Translated into English as “Archaeological Notes on Beowulf” in Essays and Questions, pp. 33–49.]
1904: —. “Skölds hädanfärd.” In Studier tillägnade Henrik Schück (Stockholm), pp. 110–34. [GR 1904] [Translated into English as “Scyld’s Funeral Obsequies” in Essays and Questions, pp. 97–135]
1905: —. “Svear och Götar under folkvandringstiden,” Svensk Förminnesföreningens Tidskrift 12, 339–60. [GR 1905] [Translated into English as “Swedes and Geats During the Migration Period” in Essays and Questions, pp. 64–96.]
1905: —. “Vendel och Vendelskråka,” AfNF 21, 71–80. [GR 1906] [Translated into English as “Vendel and the Vendel Crow” in Essays and Questions, pp. 50–62.]
1906: —. “Drakskatten i Beovulf,” Fornvännen 1, 119–44. [GR 1912] [Translated into English as “The Dragon’s Hoard in Beowulf” in Essays and Questions, pp. 136–68]
1907: Schück, Henrik. Folknamnet Geatas i den fornengelska dikten “Beowulf.” Upsala Universitetets Årsskrift, program 2, p. 45. Rvw: V. O. Freeburg JEGP 11 (1912), 279–83; A. Mawer MLR 4 (1908–09), 273. [GR 1917]
1907: —. “Studier i Ynglingtal,” Upsala Universitetets Årsskrift, program M.M., 97–135. [GR 1918]
1908: Levander, Lars. “Sagotraditioner om Sveakonungen Adils,” ATfS 18.3, 1–55, esp. 1–5. [GR 1920A]
1908: Stjerna, Knut. “Fasta fornlämningar i Beovulf,” ATfS 18.4, 1–64. [GR 1922] [Translated into English as “The Double Burial in Beowulf” and “Beowulf’s Funeral Obsequies” in Essays and Questions, pp. 169–240.]
1909: Schück, Henrik. Studier i Beowulfsagan. Upsala Universitets Årsskrift, program M.M. p. 50. Rvw: V. O. Freeburg JEGP 11 (1912), 488–97. [GR 1927]
1910: —. Sveriges förkristna konungalängd. Uppsala Universitetets Årsskrift, program M.M., 1–37. [GR 1941]. See p. 4.
1910: von Sydow, Carl Wilhelm. “Tors färd till Utgård. II. Skryme-episoden.” DS 7, 145–81, at 156. [GR 1942] [On Grendel’s glove as the earliest example of the giant glove motif.]
1913: Brate, Erik. “Betydelsen av ortnamnet Skälv,” NB 1, 102–08. [GR 1954] [On Scylfingas.]
1913: Fahlbeck, Pontus. Beowulfskvädet såsom källa för nordisk fornhistoria. N. F. Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademiens Handlingar, 13, no. 3 = 33, no. 2 (1924), 17. Rvw: F. Klaeber EStn 48 (1914–15), 435–37. [GR 1956]
1913: Nerman, Birger. Studier över Svärges hedna litteratur (Uppsala), pp. xiii, 212, at pp. 16–17, 26–27, 69–73, 95. [GR 1959]
1913: —. Vilka konungar ligger i Uppsala högar? (Uppsala), 15 pp., at pp. 8–10. [GR 1960]
1913: von Sydow, Carl Wilhelm. “Geografi och naturbeskrivning i Beowulfsången,” Forhandlingar vid Svenska Filolog och Historikermötet i Göteborg den 19–21 Augusti 1912, 74–75. [GR 1962] [Mentioned in a brief article of the same title in Göteborgs handels-och sjöfartstidning 192 (20 Aug. 1912), p. 7.]
1914: —. “Grendel i anglosaxiska ortnamn,” NB 2, 160–64. [GR 1969]
1915: Lindroth, Hjalmar. “Är Skåne de gamles Scadinavia?” NB 3, 10–28. [GR 1977]
1915: Nerman, Birger. “Baldersagans älsta form,” Edda 3, 1–10. [GR 1978] [On lines 2425–62.]
1917: Björkman, Erik. “Bēowulf och Sveriges historia,” NT, 161–79. [GR 1982]
1916–17: Fredborg, Emil Äng. Det första årtalet i Sveriges historia (Umeå h.a. läroverks årsredogörelse). [GR 1984]
1917: Lindqvist, Sune. “Ottarshögen i Vendel,” Fornvännen 12, 127–43 at pp. 127–29. [GR 1985] [On the excavation of Ottar’s (Ohthere in Beowulf) mound in Vendel.]
1917: Nerman, Birger. “Ottar Vendelkråka och Ottarshögen i Vendel,” Upplands Fornminnesförenings Tidskrift 7, 309–34 at pp. 315, 319–21, 323–26, 332. [GR 1986]
1917: —. “Ynglingasagan i arkeologisk belysning,” Fornvännen 12, 226–61, at p. 245. [GR 1987]
1917: von Sydow, Carl Wilhelm. “Draken som skattevaktare.” In Festskrift til Evald Kristensen = Danmarks Folkeminder, 17, 103–15 at pp. 107, 114–15. [GR 1991]
1918: Björkman, Erik. “Beowulfforskning och mytologi,” Finsk Tidskrift 84, 250–71. [GR 1995]
1918: —. “Fe. Scedeland, Scedenig,” NB 6 (1918), 162–68. [GR 1996]
1918: —. “Sköldungaättens mytiska stamfäder,” NT, 163–82. [GR 1997]
1918: Kock, Axel. “Är Skåne de gamles Skadinavia?” AfNF 34, 71–88. [GR 2001]
1918: Lindroth, Hjalmar. “Skandinavien och Skåne,” NB 6, 104–12. [GR 2002]
1918: Montelius, Oscar. “Ynglingaätten,” NTVKI, 213–38. [GR 2003]
1918: Noreen, Adolf. “Skandinavien och Skåne.” In Studier tillägnade Esaias Tegnér (Lund), pp. 43–48. [GR 2004]
1918: von Sydow, Carl Wilhelm. “Sigurds strid med Fåvne. En studie rörande hjältesagans förhållande till folkdiktningen,” LUÅ 14, no. 16, pp. vi, 51, at pp. 5–7. [GR 2005]
1919: Arne, T. J. “Gravar från ‘Vendeltid´vid Lagerlunda i Kärna socken, Östergötland,” Fornvännen 14, 1–20, esp. 19–20 on Beowulf’s burial mound. [GR 2006]
1919: Björkman, Erik. “Skialf och Skilfing,” NB 7, 163–81. [GR 2008] [Eilert Ekwall adds a note on Björkman’s research on names, “Erik Björkman som namnsforskare,” pp. 182–85.]
1919: Linderholme, Emanuel. “Vendelshögens konunganamn i socknens 1600-talstradition,” NB 7, 36–40. [GR 2011]
1919: Lindroth, Hjalmar. “Äro Scadinavia och Skåne samma ord?” AfNF 35, 29–47. [GR 2012]
1919: Neuhaus, Johannes. “Om Skjold,” AfNF 35, 166–72. [GR 2014]
1920: Kock, Axel. “Vidare om Skåne och Skadinavia,” AfNF 36, 74–85. [GR 2024]
1920: Langenfelt, Gösta. “Sverige och svenskarna i äldre engelsk litteratur,” NTfF 9, 51–62. [GR 2025]
1920: Noreen, Adolf. “Yngve, Inge, Inglinge m.m.,” NB 8 (1920), 1–8. [GR 2029]
1920: von Sydow, Carl Wilhelm. “Iriskt inflytande på nordisk guda- och hjältesaga,” VSLÅ, 19–29. [GR 2031] [At p. 29 on the influence of the Celtic Finn cycle of tales on Beowulf.]
1921: Lindqvist, Sune. “Ynglingaättens gravskick,” Fornvännen 16, 83–194. [GR 2036] [On burial customs in Beowulf, see pp. 119–36, and with a German summary, pp. 261–75.]
1921: *Weibull, Curt. Om det svenska och det danska Rikets Uppkomst (Lund). Rvw: Vilhelm LaCour Historisk Tidsskrift 7 (1929), 497. [Frequent references to Beowulf.]
1923: Brate, Erik. “Sinfjotle,” SNF 14, no. 2, 1–8. [GR 2048] [See p. 2 on Fitela in Beowulf.]
1923: Koht, Halvdan. “Var ‘Finnane’ alltid Finnar?” Maal og Minne, 161–75. [GR 2052] [On line 580.]
1923: Lindqvist, Ivar. Galdrar. De gamla germanska trollsångernas stil undersökt i Samband med en Svensk runinskrift från folkvandringtiden. Göteborgs högskolas Årsskrift, 29, pp. viii, 193. See chapter 10 on the Heruli, esp. pp. 132, 138–39, 143, 145, 147, and 150. [GR 2054]
1923: Lindqvist, Sune. “Hednatemplet i Uppsala,” Fornvännen 18, 83–118, esp. pp. 110–12. [GR 2055] [Comparison of architecture of Heorot with that of Scandinavian wooden churches.]
1923: von Sydow, Carl Wilhelm. “Beowulf och Bjarke,” SNF 14, no. 3, 1–46. Rvw: A. K. Cyriax Folklore 39 (1928), 102–07; A. Heusler AfdA 43 (1924), 52–54; F. Holthausen Beibl 34 (1923), 357–58 [reply to this review by H. Hecht, item 2062]; S. B. Lijegren Neophil 10 (1924–25), 73–74; K. Malone JEGP 23 (1924) 458–60. [GR 2058]
1923: —. “Beowulfskalden och nordisk tradition,” VSLÅ, 77–91. [GR 2059] Summary pp. 90–91. [Argues against Sarrazin’s theory that Beowulf is an OE translation of a Danish original from the Lejre region.]
1924: —. “Hur mytforskningen tolkat Beowulfdikten,” Folkminnen och Folktankar 11, 97–134. Rvw: A. K. Cyriax Folklore 39 (1928), 102–07. [GR 2064]
1924: —. “Scyld Scefing,” NB 12, 63–95. [GR 2065] [Disputes the mythic underpinnings of Scyld.]
1924: Wessén, Elias. Studier till Sveriges hedna mytologi och fornhistoria, UUÅ no. 6, 198 pp. Rvw: S. Lindquist Fornvännen 19 (1924), 235–36; Svenska Historiska Tidskrift 44 (1924), 295–96; C. C. Uhlenbeck APS 3 (1928–29), 172–75. [GR 2066] [Beowulf is mentioned throughout the text.]
1925: Nerman, Birger. Det svenska rikets uppkomst (Stockholm). [Frequent allusions to Beowulf. See especially chapter 5, “Beowulf,” pp. 57–136.] [GR 496] *[See also Nerman’s “The Foundation of the Swedish Kingdom,” VSNR 10 (1928–29), 113–31, especially 119–22, for an abbreviated version of the book’s argument. (GR 2113). Nerman revised the book for a popular audience under the title Sveriges rikes uppkomst (1941). See pp. 65–70 on Beowulf .]
1925: Wadstein, Elis. “Norden och Västeuropa i gammal Tid,” Populärt vetenskapliga föreläsningar vid Göteborgs Högskola, n.s., 22, pp. 10–32, 159–67, 323–36. Rvw: W. van den Ent Museum 36 (1929), 17–20; V. La Cour Dansk Historisk Tidsskrift ser. 9, 4 (1925–26), 376–80; C. C. Uhlenbeck APS 2 (1927–28) 287–88. [GR 2073]
1926: Strömholm, D. “Försök över Beowulfdikten och Ynglingasagan,” Edda 25, 233–49. [GR 2081]
1927: Wessén, Elias. De nordiska folkstammarna i Beowulf. KVHAA 36:2 (Stockholm), 85 pp. Rvw: F. Holthausen Beibl 39 (1928), 303–06; K. Malone Speculum 5 (1930), 134–35; R. E. Zachrisson SN 1 (1928), 87–88. [GR 2093] [On the Heruli, Danes, Scyldings, Heathobards, Froda and Healfdan, the Geats, Theodorik the Great, and Beowulf.]
1927: —. “Nordiska namnstudier,” UUÅ no. 3, 1–118. Rvw: R. E. Zachrisson SN 1 (1928), 85–87. [GR 2094]
1929: *Svionum [Carl Otto Fast]. Beowulf, germanernas äldsta epos (Stockholm), 33 pp.
1930: *—. Västgöta-Dal. Daner och Anglo-sachsare (Stockholm).
1931: *Boethius, Gerda. Hallar, tempel och stavkyrkor: Studier till kännedomen om äldre nordisk monumentalarkitektur. (Stockholm), pp. 70–71. [Maintains that Heorot was a building of the same kind as a Nordic stave church.]
1933: *Svionum [Carl Otto Fast]. Götaland, den forngermanska diktningens landskap. (Göteborg; repr. 1984).
1936: Lindqvist, Sune. Uppsala Högar och Ottarshögen. (Stockholm), pp. xii, 363, plates 25. With a summary in English. See esp. pp. 251–58, 297–301 in text, pp. 347–48 and 351 in summary. Rvw: T. D. Kendrick Antiquity 11 (1937), 247–48. [GR 2168]
1938: Arbman, Holger, et al. Vendel i Fynd och Forskning: Skrift med Anledning av Vendelmonumentets tillkomst. (Uppsala). Rvw: F. Holthausen Beibl 51 (1940), 5–6. [GR 2177]
1944: *Fast, Carl Otto. Svenska rikets ursprung. (Göteborg; repr. 1984), 152 pp. [Mention of Beowulf throughout.]
1947: Johansson, Gust. Beowulfsagans Hrones-Næsse: Lekmannafunderingar angående det Gamla Götland. (Göteborg), 245 pp. Rvw: F. P. Magoun Speculum 27 (1952), 225–26. [GR 2214]
1948: Lindqvist, Sune. “Sutton Hoo och Beowulf,” Fornvännen 43, 94–109 with an English summary, pp. 109–10. [GR 2218]
1950: *Fast, Carl Otto. Vänerbygdens sägner (Stockholm), pp. 35–39.
1955: Johansson, Gust. Beowulfsagans Götar (Göteborg). [GR 2251]
1958: Harding, Erik. “Om Beowulfs Geatas och några andra problem,” Språkvetenskapliga problem i ny belysning eller bidrag till nordisk och germansk språkhistoria, H. 8, Bilaga 3. [GR 2265]
1958: Schyman, Iwan. “Beowulfs land är Brosjöområdet i Värmland.” In Värmlandsnäs från forntid till nutid, vol. 2, Norra delen, pp. 28–48 (Säffle). [GR 2267]
1961: Langenfelt, Gösta. “Beowulf och Fornsverige: Ett försök till datering av den fornengelska hjältedikten, del 1,” Ortnamnssälskapet i Uppsala Årsskrift, 35–55; del. 2 (1962), 23–36. [GR 2286]
1964: Johansson, Gust. Beowulfsagans historiska fragment (Göteborg). [GR 2296]
1964: *Stenberger, Mårten. Det forntida Sverige. Stockholm; 3rd ed. 1979 with afterword by Bo Gräslund, p. 535.
1972: Areskoug, Malte. “De nordiska folknamnen hos Jordanes,” Fornvännen 67, 1–15. [GR 2350]
1978: *Lönnroth, Lars. Den dubbla scenen: Muntlig diktning från Eddan till ABBA (Lund). See especially pp. 31f. and 65f.
1992: *Gannholm, Tore. Beowulf. Gutarnas nationalepos samt Gutasagan. (Visby). [An elaboration of Gad Rausing’s hypothesis that the Geatas in Beowulf came from Gotland. See “Beowulf, Ynglingatal and the Ynglinga saga: Fiction or History?” Fornvännen 80 (1985), 163–78.]
1999: *Johnson, Rakel. “Att ge eller inte ge: det är frågan: om gåvoinstitutet i Eddan och Beowulf>.” In Barbro Ryder Liljegren, ed., Europa (Göteborg), pp. 185–93. [On the gift as construed by Marcel Mauss in the Poetic Edda and Beowulf.]
2001: *Hiller, Anders. Om Beowulf: Baowoolf – Boithulf – Botholf – och så Båtel (Stockholm). [Supplies more evidence to support Gannholm’s theory that Beowulf came from Gotland.]
2007: *Ney, Agneta. “Hallkvinnor och sjömonster: forntida kvinnogestalter i text och bild.” In Marlene Hugoson, ed., Bodil Lajv: Festskrift till Bodil Nildin-Wall den 18 januari 2007 (Uppsala), pp. 33–39.
2012: *Lindqvist, Jan. Från Beowulf till Blyton: barn- och ungdomsklassiker på engelska. (Stockholm). [Synopsis of the poem with references, pp. 1–16.]
2012: *Kuusela, Tommy. “Varulven i fornnordisk tradition.” In Ella Odstedt, Varulven i Svensk folktradition. Expanded ed. by Per Faxneld and Per Norström (Tallinn), pp. 320–52. [Beowulf mentioned on pp. 339 (Grendel) and 345 (Wylfingas).]
2017: *Harrison-Lindbergh, Katarina. “Beowulf” and “Beowulfkvädet.” In Nordisk mytologi från A till Ö (Stockholm), pp. 73–74.
2017: *Lönnroth, Lars. Det germanska spåret. En västerländsk litteraturtradition från Tacitus till Tolkien. Stockholm, 2017). See esp. pp. 43–52. Rvw: J. Wickström Historisk Tidskrift 138 (2018), 350–52.
2017: *Ney, Agneta. Bland ormar och drakar: hjältemyt och manligt ideal i berättartraditioner om Sigurd Fafnesbane (Lund). [Contains a brief discussion of Sigmund as a dragon slayer in Beowulf, pp. 75–79.]
2017: *Lundqvist, Hans H. Vikingarnas ursprung. Beowulf sprider nytt ljus (Stockholm).
2018: *Gräslund, Bo. Beowulfkvädet: Den nordiska bakgrunden (Uppsala). Rvws: R. E. Bjork, SS 90.2 (2020), 247–49; A. Cooper, JEGP 120.1 (2021), 130–31. Translated into English by Martin Naylor as The Nordic Beowulf (Leeds, 2022).
2018: *Eriksson, Kristina Ekero. Gamla Uppsala: Människor och makter i högarnas skugga (Stockholm). [Beowulf mentioned on pp. 74, 155, 172–74, 184, and 197.]
Textual Criticism
1918: Kock, Ernst A. “En misskänd ordfamilj” in Studier tillägnade Esaias Tegnér (Lund), pp. 298–303. [GR 2443] [On æfter dome in Beowulf, lines 1719–20, 2177–80; Riddle 73:10.]
1919: Jungner, Hugo. “Uppsala-och Vendel-konungarnas mytiska ätte-­fäder,” Fornvännen 14, 79–102. [GR 2446] [See p. 88 on eaforheafodsegn and p. 94 on Wendla leod.]
1921: Kock, Ernst A. “Bidrag till eddatolkningen,” AfNF 37, 105–35. [GR 2453] [See p. 105 on wið earm gesæt, line 749.]
1954: Collinder, Björn. “Beowulfskolier,” In Festskrift tillägnade Elias Wessén (Lund), pp. 16–25. [On lines 303b–6a, 1030–3a, 1114–18a, 1144–45, 2155–59, 2249–52a, 2255–57a, 3069–75, 3143–48a.] [GR 2611]
C. Icelandic
Cultural and Historical
1899: Jónsson, Jón. “Liserus – Beów,” AfNF 15, 255–61. See pp. 258–61. [GR 1877]
1915: Jónsson, Jón. “Ætt Haralds hilditannar,” AfNF 31, 26–46, at p. 28. [GR 1975]
1963: *Guðnason, Bjarni. Um Skjöldungasögu (Reykjavík). [Mentions Beowulf on pp. 3, 61, 80, 165, 175, 221; with English summary, pp. 306–25.]
D. Finnish
Manuscript Studies
2008: *Varila, Mari-Liisa. “Beowulf seurueineen. Nowell Codexin mysteeri.” In Papyruksesta PDF: ään. Tutkielmia kirjan historiasta, ed. Leila Koivunen and Janne Tunturi (Turku), pp. 25–40.
E. Norwegian
1949: *Brøgger, Niels Christian. Nordens demring: Nordiske myter og sagn. Foreword by A. W. Brøgger. Illustrated by Knut Yran (Oslo), pp. 184, 189–235, 243–45.
1953: Strand, Tor H. “Heltediktet Beowulf,” Affenposten (Oslo), 15 and 16 July. [GR 2245]
1956: —. Norrønafolket. (Oslo), p. 181. See pp. 157–61. [GR 2258]
1958: —. “Bøheringen Beowulfs Kongesaga i Nytt lys.” T. A. Kronikken. [GR 2268]