Secondary Texts

Abram, C., Evergreen Ash: Ecology and Catastrophe in Old Norse Myth and Literature (Charlottesville, VA, 2019)

———, ‘Kennings and Things: Towards an Object-Oriented Skaldic Poetics’, in The Shapes of Early English Poetry, ed. E. Weiskott and I. Dumitrescu (Berlin, 2019), pp. 161–88

Agamben, G., The Open: Man and Animal, trans. K. Attell (Stanford, CA, 2004)

Ahola, J., ‘Arnarvatnsheiði and the Space for Outlaws’, in Stanzas of Friendship: Studies in Honour of Tatjana N. Jackson, ed. N. Gvorzdetskaja, I. Konovalova, E. Melnikova and A. Podossinov (Moscow, 2011), pp. 35–47

Aird, W. C., ‘Discovery of the Cardiovascular System: From Galen to William Harvey’, J Thromb Haemost 9.1 (2011), 118–29

Al-Sibai, N., ‘Anthropic CEO Admits We Have No Idea How AI Works’, Futurism (4 May 2025), https://futurism.com/anthropic-ceo-admits-ai-ignorance

Alaimo, S., Bodily Natures: Science, Environment, and the Material Self (Bloomington, IN, 2010)

Aldís Sigurðardóttir, A. S. Kjeldsen, B. Chr. Jacobsen, C. Sanders, Ellert Þór Jóhansson, E. Rode, H. Degnbol, J. E. Knirk, J. Lindholm, M. Arvidsson, P. Ellyton, S. Battista, T. Wills and Þorbjörg Helgadóttir, Ordbog over det norrøne prosasprog [The Dictionary of Old Norse Prose], https://onp.ku.dk/onp/onp.php

Allan Mitchell, J., Becoming Human: The Matter of the Medieval Child (Minneapolis, MN, 2014)

Anderson, K., ‘Mediating the Other through Language: Medieval Icelandic Sagas and the Construction of Disability Discourse’ (unpublished MA dissertation, Háskóli Íslands, 2016)

Anderson, M., ‘Distribution Cognition in Medieval and Renaissance Studies’, in Distributed Cognition in Medieval and Renaissance Culture, ed. M. Anderson and M. Wheeler (Edinburgh, 2019), pp. 18–42

Andersson, T., ‘The Lays in the Lacuna of Codex Regius’, in Speculum Norroenum, ed. Dronke, Guðrún P. Helgadóttir, Weber and Bekker-Nielsen, pp. 6–26

Ármann Jakobsson, ‘Beast and Man: Realism and the Occult in “Egils saga”’, SS 81.3 (2011), 29–44

———, ‘The Madness of King Sigurðr: Narrating Insanity in an Old Norse Kings’ Saga’, in Social Dimensions of Medieval Disease and Disability, ed. S. Crawford and C. Lee (Oxford, 2014), pp. 29–36

———, ‘Watch Out for the Skin Deep: Medieval Icelandic Transformations’, Arts 12.5 (2023), 1–8

Ármann Jakobsson, A. K. Heiniger, C. Crocker and Hanna Björg Sigurjónsdóttir, ‘Disability before Disability: Mapping the Uncharted in the Medieval Sagas’, SS 92.4 (2020), 440–60

Ármann Jakobsson, A. Lassen and A. Ney, eds, Fornaldarsagornas: Struktur och Ideologi (Uppsala, 2003)

Ármann Jakobsson, and M. Mayburd, eds, Paranormal Encounters in Iceland, 1150–1400 (Berlin, 2020)

Åsan, P. A., ‘Medieval Monastery Gardens in Iceland and Norway’, Religions 12.5 (2021), 317

Bakhtin, M., Rabelais and His World, trans. by H. Iswolsky (Bloomington, IN, 1984)

Bampi, M., ‘Genre’, in A Critical Companion, ed. Bampi, Larrington and Sif Ríkharðsdóttir, pp. 15–30

Bampi, M., and Sif Ríkharðsdóttir, ‘Introduction’, in A Critical Companion, ed. Bampi, Larrington and Sif Ríkharðsdóttir, pp. 15–30

Bampi, M., C. Larrington and Sif Ríkharðsdóttir, eds, A Critical Companion to Old Norse Literary Genre (Cambridge, UK, 2020)

Barad, K., Meeting the Universe Halfway: Quantum Physics and the Entanglement of Matter and Meaning (Durham, NC, 2007)

Barraclough, E. R., ‘Inside Outlawry in Grettis saga Ásmundarsonar and Gísla saga Súrssonar: Landscape in the Outlaw Sagas’, SS 82.4 (2010), 365–88

Barreiro, S., ‘The Hoard Makes the Dragon: Fáfnir as a Shapeshifter’, in Shapeshifters in Medieval North Atlantic Literature, ed. Barreiro and Russo, pp. 53–82

Barreiro, S., and L. C. Russo, eds, Shapeshifters in Medieval North Atlantic Literature, ed. S. Barreiro and L. C. Russo (Amsterdam, 2019)

Batten, C., ‘Sickness and Emotion in Old Norse Prose: Exploring Somatic Experience’, in Pre-Print Papers of the 18th International Saga Conference, ed. Frog, Ahola, Barber and Kouvola, p. 51

———, ‘Spears and Spikes: Illness, Emotion and Bodily Invasion in Old Norse Abscess Narratives’, Emotions: History, Culture, Society 8.1 (2024), 79–96

Bennett, J., Vibrant Matter: A Political Ecology of Things (Durham, NC, 2010)

Birkett, T., ‘A Cautionary Tale Reading the Runic Message in Atlamál in grœnlenzko’, VMS 9 (2013), 1–8

Boberg, I., Motif-Index of Early Icelandic Literature (Copenhagen, 1966)

Bolter, J. D., ‘Posthumanism’, in The International Encyclopedia of Communication Theory and Philosophy, ed. K. B. Jensen and R. T. Craig (Chichester, 2016), pp. 1–8

Bourns, T., ‘Animal Emotionality and Selfhood in Old Norse Textual Culture’, Emotions: History, Culture, Society 8.1 (2024), 97–115

———, ‘Becoming-Animal in the Icelandic Sagas’, Neophilologus 105.4 (2021), 633–53

———, ‘Between Nature and Culture: Animals and Humans in Old Norse Literature’ (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Oxford, 2018)

———, ‘The Language of Birds in Old Norse Tradition’, JEGP 120.2 (2021), 209–38

Bragg, L., ‘Disfigurement, Disability, and Disintegration in Sturlunga saga’, Alvissmál 4 (1994), 15–32

———, ‘Impaired and Inspired: The Makings of a Medieval Icelandic Poet’, in Madness, Disability and Social Exclusion: The Archaeology and Anthropology of ‘Difference’, ed. J. Hubert (London, 2000), pp. 128–43

———, Oedipus Borealis: The Aberrant Body in Old Icelandic Myth and Saga (Cranbury, NJ, 2004)

Brandsma, F., C. Larrington and Sif Ríkharðsdóttir, ‘Introduction: Emotion and the Medieval Self’, Emotions: History, Culture, Society 8 (2024), 1–7

Brazinski, P., and A. Fryxwell, ‘The Smell of Relics: Authenticating Saintly Bones and the Role Played by Scent in the Sensory Experience of Medieval Christian Veneration’, Papers from the Institute of Archaeology 1.1 (2013), Art. 11

Brunning, S., The Sword in Early Medieval Northern Europe: Experience, Identity, Representation (Woodbridge, 2019)

Brynja Þorgeirsdóttir, ‘Emotions in Njáls saga and Egils saga: Approaches and Literary Analysis’ (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Cambridge, 2020)

———, ‘The Head, the Heart, and the Breast: Bodily Conceptions of Emotion and Cognition in Old Norse Skaldic Poetry’, VMS 15 (2019), 29–64

———, ‘Humoral Theory in the Medieval North: An Old Norse Translation of Epistula Vindiciani in Hauksbók’, Grípla 29 (2018), 35–66

Burrows, H., ‘The Mead of Poetry: Old Norse Poetry as Mind-Altering Substance’, in Distributed Cognition in Medieval and Renaissance Culture, ed. M. Anderson and M. Wheeler (Edinburgh, 2019), pp. 99–119

———, ‘Wit and Wisdom: The Worldview of the Old Norse-Icelandic Riddles and Their Relationship to Eddic Poetry’, in Eddic, Skaldic and Beyond: Poetic Variety in Medieval Iceland and Norway, ed. M. Chase (New York, 2014), pp. 114–35

Byock, J. L., ‘The Skull and Bones in Egil’s saga: A Viking, A Grave, and Paget’s Disease’, Viator 24 (1993), 23–50

Čakep, J., and S. Loidolt, ‘Phenomenological Approaches to Personal Identity’, Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 20 (2021), 217–34

Carlsen, C., Old Norse Visions of the Afterlife (Oxford, 2013)

Chakrabarty, D., The Climate of History in a Planetary Age (London, 2021)

Charlier, P., et al., ‘The Embalmed Heart of Richard the Lionheart (1199 A.D.): A Biological and Anthropological Analysis’, Scientific Reports 3 (2013), Art. 1296

Clark, D., Gender, Violence and the Past in Edda and Saga (Oxford, 2012)

———, ‘Kin-Slaying in the Poetic Edda: The End of the World?’, VMS 3 (2007), 21–41

Clark, D., and Jóhanna Katrín Friðriksdóttir, ‘The Representation of Gender in Eddic Poetry’, in A Handbook to Eddic Poetry, ed. Larrington, Quinn and Schorn, pp. 331–48

Cleasby, R., and Guðbrandur Vigfússon, An Icelandic-English Dictionary (Oxford, 1989)

Clever, I., and W. Ruberg, ‘Beyond Cultural History: The Material Turn, Praxiography, and Body History’, Humanities 3.4 (2014), 546–66

Clover, C., ‘Vǫlsunga saga and the Missing lai’, in Sagnaskemmtun: Studies in Honour of Hermann Pálsson on His 65th Birthday, 26th May, 1986, ed. R. Simek, Jónas Kristjánsson and H. Bekker-Nielsen (Vienna, 1986), pp. 79–84

Clunies Ross, M., The Cambridge Introduction to the Old Norse-Icelandic Saga (Cambridge, UK, 2010)

———, ‘The Conservation and Reinterpretation of Myth in Medieval Icelandic Writing’, in Old Icelandic Literature and Society, ed. Clunies Ross, pp. 116–39

———, ‘Fornaldarsögur as Fantastic Ethnographies’, in Fornaldarsagaerne, ed. Ney, Ármann Jakobsson and Lassen, pp. 317–30

———, A History of Old Norse Poetry and Poetics (Cambridge, UK, 2005)

———, ‘An Interpretation of the Myth of Þórr’s Encounter with Geirrøðr and his Daughters’, in Speculum Norroenum, ed. Dronke, Guðrún P. Helgadóttir, Weber and Bekker-Nielsen, pp. 370–91

———, eds, Old Icelandic Literature and Society (Cambridge, UK, 2000)

———, ‘Poetry and Fornaldarsögur’, in The Fantastic in Old Norse/Icelandic Literature, ed. McKinnell, Ashurst and Kick, I, 180–87

———, ‘The Porosity of Kennings and Kenning Patterns’, in Die Faszination des Verborgenen und seine Entschlüsselung – Ráði sár kunni, ed. J. Krüger, V. Busch, K. Seidel, C. Zimmermann and U. Zimmermann (Berlin, 2017), pp. 85–94

———, Prolonged Echoes: Old Norse Myths in Medieval Northern Society. Volume 1: The Myths (Odense, 1994)

———, Prolonged Echoes: Old Norse Myths in Medieval Northern Society. Volume 2: The Reception of Norse Myths in Medieval Iceland (Odense, 1998)

———, ‘Pseudo-Procreation Myths in Old Norse: An Anthropological Perspective’, The Australian Journal of Anthropology 1.2–3 (1990), 147–58

———, ‘The Skaldic Corpus from the Early Viking Age to the End of the Fourteenth Century’, in PKS1, ed. Whaley, pp. xviii–xxi

———, ‘The Transmission and Preservation of Eddic Poetry’, in A Handbook to Eddic Poetry, ed. Larrington, Quinn and Schorn, pp. 12–32

Cohen, J. J., ed., Animal, Vegetable and Mineral (Washington, DC, 2012)

———, ‘Stories of Stone’, Postmedieval 1 (2010), 56–63

Cole, R., ‘Philology and Desire in Old Norse, between Stone and a Hard Place’, JEGP 117.4 (2018), 505–25

Colwill, L., ‘Gender and Genre in Medieval Chivalric Rímur’ (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Cambridge, 2022)

Conway, R. T., ‘Stumped in the Sagas: Woodland and Wooden Tools in the Íslendingasögur’ (unpublished MA dissertation, Háskóli Íslands, 2015)

Cord, F., ‘Posthumanist Cultural Studies: Taking the Nonhuman Seriously’, Open Cultural Studies 6.1 (2022), 25–37

Cormack, M., The Saints in Iceland: Their Veneration from the Conversion to 1400, Subsidia Hagiographica 78 (Brussels, 1994)

Crocker, C., ‘Narrating Blindness and Seeing Ocularcentrism in Þorsteins saga hvíta’, Gripla 31 (2020), 267–92

Crocker, C., Y. Tirosh and Ármann Jakobsson, ‘Disability in Medieval Iceland: Some Methodological Concerns’, in Understanding Disability throughout History: Interdisciplinary Perspectives in Iceland from Settlement to 1936, ed. Hanna Björg Sigurjónsdóttir and J. G. Rice (London, 2021), pp. 12–28

Csordas, T., ‘Cultural Phenomenology. Embodiment: Agency, Sexual Difference and Illness’, in A Companion to the Anthropology of the Body and Embodiment, ed. F. E. Mascia-Lees (Chichester, 2011), pp. 137–56

Dailey, P., ‘Riddles, Wonder and Responsiveness in Anglo-Saxon Literature’, in The Cambridge History of Early Medieval English Literature, ed. C. A. Lees (Cambridge, UK, 2013), pp. 451–72

Davidson, H. R. Ellis, ‘Shape-Changing in the Old Norse Sagas’, in Animals in Folklore, ed. J. R. Porter and W. M. S. Russell (Cambridge, UK, 1978), pp. 126–42

De Vries, J., Altgermanische Religionsgeschichte, 2 vols, 2nd edn (Berlin, 1956)

Deichl, F., ‘“The Very Image of the Völsungs”. The Killer in Wolf’s Clothing’, in Bad Boys and Wicked Women: Antagonists and Troublemakers in Old Norse Literature, ed. D. Hahn and A. Schmidt (Munich, 2016), pp. 215–39

Deleuze, G., Francis Bacon: The Logic of Sensation, trans. D. W. Smith (London, 2003)

Dillmann, F.-X., Les magiciens dans l’Islande ancienne: études sur la représentation de la magie islandaise et de ses agents dans les sources littéraires norroises (Uppsala, 2006)

Driscoll, M. J., ‘Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda: The Stories that Wouldn’t Die’, in Fornaldarsagornas, ed. Ármann Jakobsson, Lassen and Ney, pp. 257–67

———, ‘The Words on the Page: Thoughts on Philology, Old and New’, in Creating the Medieval Saga: Versions, Variability, and Editorial Interpretations of Old Norse Saga Literature, ed. J. Quinn and E. Lethbridge (Odense, 2010), pp. 85–102

Dronke, P., and U. Dronke, ‘The Prologue of the Prose Edda: Explorations of a Latin Background’, in Sjötíu ritgerðir helgaðar Jakobi Benediktssyni 20. júli 1977, ed. Einar G. Pursson and Jónas Kristjánsson, 2 vols (Reykjavík, 1977), I, 153–75

Dronke, U., ‘Beowulf and Ragnarǫk’, Saga-Book 17 (1966–9), 302–25

Dronke, U., Guðrún P. Helgadóttir, G. W. Weber and H. Bekker-Nielsen, eds, Speculum Norroenum: Norse Studies in Memory of Gabriel Turville-Petre (Odense, 1981)

DuBois, T. A., Nordic Religions in the Viking Age (Philadelphia, 1999)

Ducasse, E., F. Speziale, J. C. Baste and D. Midy, ‘Vascular Knowledge in Medieval Times was the Turning Point for the Humanistic Trend’, Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 31.6 (2000), 600–8

Eckholst, C., ‘Value of a Thumb: Injuries and Disability in Swedish Medieval Law’, Mirator 20.2 (2021), 38–53

Egeler, M., ‘Geocriticism, Place and Landscape: Theoretical Perspectives on Space, Meaning and Memory’, in Dreaming of a Glacier: Snæfellsjökull in a Geocritical Perspective, ed. M. Egeler and S. Gropper (Munich, 2020), pp. 17–42

Eichhorn-Mulligan, A. C., ‘Contextualizing Old Norse-Icelandic Bodies’, in The Fantastic in Old Norse/Icelandic Literature, ed. McKinnell, Ashurst and Kick, I, 198–207

Eriksen, M. H., ‘“Body-Objects” and Personhood in the Iron and Viking Ages: Processing, Curating, and Depositing Skulls in Domestic Space’, World Archaeology 52.1 (2020), 103–19

Eriksen, S. G., ‘Body and Soul in Old Norse Culture’, in Intellectual Culture in Medieval Scandinavia, c. 1100–1350, ed. S. G. Eriksen (Turnhout, 2016), pp. 393–428

———, ‘“Liquid Knowledge” in Old Norse Literature and Culture’, Viator 49.2 (2018), 169–97

Eriksen, S. G., K. L. Holmqvist and B. Bandlien, eds, Approaches to the Medieval Self: Representations and Conceptualizations of the Self in the Textual and Material Culture of Western Scandinavia, c. 800–1500 (Berlin, 2020)

Eriksen, S. G., K. L. Holmqvist and B. Bandlien, ‘Introduction: Approaches to the Self – From Modernity Back to VMS’, in Approaches to the Medieval Self, ed. Eriksen, Holmqvist and Bandlien, pp. 1–20

Evans, G. L., and J. C. Hancock, Masculinities in Old Norse Literature (Cambridge, UK, 2020)

Evans, R., ‘What If Whales Took Us to Court? A Move to Grant them Legal Personhood Would Include the Right to Sue’, The Conversation (14 April 2024), https://theconversation.com/what-if-whales-took-us-to-court-a-move-to-grant-them-legal-personhood-would-include-the-right-to-sue-227335

Evans Tang, H. J., Animal-Human Relationships in Medieval Iceland: From Farm-Settlement to Sagas (Cambridge, UK, 2022)

———, ‘Reading Animal-Human Relations: Sámr and Gunnarr in Njáls saga’, Scandinavian Studies 95.1 (2023), 35–55

Faulkes, A., ‘Pagan Sympathy: Attitudes to Heathendom in the Prologue to Snorra Edda’, in Edda. A Collection, ed. Glendinning and Bessason, pp. 283–314

Ferrari, F., ‘Possible Worlds of Sagas: The Intermingling of Different Fictional Universes in the Development of the Fornaldarsögur as a Genre’, in The Legendary Sagas: Origins and Development, ed. A. Lassen, A. Ney and Ármann Jakobsson (Reykjavík, 2012), pp. 271–89

Finch, R. G., ‘The Treatment of Poetic Sources by the Compiler of Vǫlsunga saga’, Saga-Book 16 (1965), 315–53

Fowler, C., The Archaeology of Personhood: An Anthropological Approach (London, 2004)

Fox, N. J., and P. Alldred, ‘New Materialism’, in SAGE Research Methods Foundations, ed. P. A. Atkinson, S. Delamont, A. Cernat, J. W. Sakshaug and M. Williams (London, 2019), n.p.

Frank, R., ‘Snorri and the Mead of Poetry’, in Speculum Norroenum, ed. Dronke, Guðrún P. Helgadóttir, Weber and Bekker-Nielsen, pp. 155–70

Frankki, J., ‘Cross-Dressing in the Poetic Edda: Mic muno Æsir argan kalla’, SS 84.4 (2012), 425–37

Frog, ‘The Æsir: An Obituary’, in Res, Artes et Religio, ed. S. Walther, R. Jucknies, J. Meurer-Bongardt and J. E. Schnall (Leeds, 2021), pp. 141–75

Frog, J. Ahola, J. Barber and K. Kouvola, eds, Pre-Print Papers of the 18th International Saga Conference: Sagas and the Circum-Baltic Arena. Helsinki and Tallinn, 7th–14th August 2022 (Helsinki, 2022)

Frost, S., and D. Coole, ‘Introducing the New Materialisms’, in New Materialisms: Ontology, Agency, and Politics, ed. S. Frost and D. Coole (Durham, NC, 2010), pp. 1–46

Fry, D. K., ‘Polyphemus in Iceland’, in The Fourteenth Century, ed. P. E. Szarmach and B. S. Levy, Acta 4 (Binghamton, NY, 1977), pp. 65–85

Gade, K. E., ‘Dating of Poetry and Principles of Normalisation’, in PKS1, ed. Whaley, pp. xliv–xlvi

———, ‘Penile Puns: Personal Names and Phallic Symbols in Skaldic Poetry’, Essays in Medieval Studies: Proceedings of the Illinois Medieval Association 6 (1989), 57–67

Garland-Thomson, R., Extraordinary Bodies: Figuring Physical Disability in American Culture and Literature (New York, 1997)

Geary, P., Furta Sacra: Thefts of Relics in the Central Middle Ages, 2nd edn (Princeton, NJ, 1990)

Glendinning, R. J., ‘Guðrúnarkviða forna: A Reconstruction and Interpretation’, in Edda. A Collection, ed. Glendinning and Bessason, pp. 258–82

Glendinning, R. J., and H. Bessason, eds, Edda. A Collection of Essays (Winnipeg, 1983)

Godden, R. H., and A. S. Mittman, eds, Monstrosity, Disability, and the Posthuman in the Medieval and Early Modern World (Cham, 2019)

Godfrey Smith, P., Other Minds: The Octopus, The Sea, and the Deep Origins of Consciousness (New York, 2016)

Goeres, E. M., ‘Translating Romance in Medieval Norway: Marie de France and Strengleikar’, in A Companion to Medieval Translation, ed. J. Beer (Amsterdam, 2020), pp. 75–84

Goff, P., et al., ‘Not Yet Human: Implicit Knowledge, Historical Dehumanization and Contemporary Consequences’, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 94.2 (2008), 292–306

Goodley, D., R. Lawthom, K. Liddiard and K. Runswick-Cole, ‘The Desire for New Humanisms’, Journal of Disability Studies in Education 1 (2020), 125–44

Grønlie, S., ‘“Reading and Understanding”: The Miracles in Þorvalds þáttr ens víðfǫrla’, JEGP 112.4 (2013), 475–94

Gropper, S., ‘The Human Condition’, in A Critical Companion, ed. Bampi, Larrington and Sif Ríkharðsdóttir, pp. 177–91

Grue, J., ‘Ablenationalists Assemble: On Disability in the Marvel Cinematic Universe’, Journal of Literary and Cultural Disability Studies 15.1 (2021), 1–17

Grundy, S., ‘Shapeshifting and Berserkergang’, in Translation, Transformation and Transubstantiation, ed. C. Poster and R. Utz (Evanston, IL, 1998), pp. 104–22

Gubbini, G., ed., Body and Spirit in the Middle Ages: Literature, Philosophy, Medicine (Berlin, 2020)

Guðrún Nordal, Tools of Literacy: The Role of Skaldic Verse in Icelandic Textual Culture of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries (Toronto, 2001)

Haki Antonsson, Damnation and Salvation in Old Norse Literature (Cambridge, 2018)

———, ‘Two Twelfth-Century Martyrs: St Thomas of Canterbury and St Magnús of Orkney’, in Sagas, Saints and Settlements, ed. G. Williams and P. A. Bibire (Leiden, 2004), pp. 41–64

Haley-Halinski, *E. A (K. A.), ‘Birds and Humans in the Old Norse World, c. 600–1500 AD’ (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Cambridge, 2021)

Hallberg, P., ‘Elements of Imagery in the Poetic Edda’, in Edda. A Collection, ed. Glendinning and Bessason, pp. 47–85

Hancock, J. C., ‘Beyond Sorrow and Swords: Gender in the Old Norse Völsung Legend and its British Rewritings’ (unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of Oxford, 2014)

———, ‘“That Which a Hand Gives a Hand or a Foot Gives a Foot”: Male Kinship Obligations in the Heroic Poetic Edda and Völsunga saga’, in Masculinities in Old Norse Literature, ed. Evans and Hancock, pp. 217–35

Harris, R., Wisdom of the North: Proverbial Allusion and Patterning in the Icelandic Saga (Ithaca, NY, 2022)

Hayles, N. K., How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics (Chicago, IL, 1999)

Hedeager, L., ‘Scandinavia before the Viking Age’, in The Viking World, ed. S. Brink and N. Price (London, 2008), pp. 11–22

Heide, E., ‘The Term Leizla in Old Norse Vision Literature – Contrasting Imported and Indigenous Genres?’, Scripta Islandica 67 (2016), 37–64

Heiniger, A. K., ‘The Silenced Trauma in the Íslendingasögur’, Gripla 31 (2020), 233–65

Hermann, P., ‘The Mind’s Eye: The Triad of Memory, Space and the Senses in Old Norse Literature’, European Journal of Scandinavian Studies 47 (2017), 203–17

Heslop, K., ‘Minni and the Rhetoric of Memory in Eddic, Skaldic, and Runic Texts’, in Minni and Muninn: Memory in Medieval Nordic Culture, ed. P. Hermann, S. A. Mitchell and A. S. Arnórsdóttir (Turnhout, 2014), pp. 75–107

———, ‘Talking Heads: The Mediality of Mímir’, in RE:writing: Medial Perspectives on Textual Culture in the Icelandic Middle Ages, ed. K. Heslop and J. Glauser (Zurich, 2014), pp. 63–84

Higley, S., ‘Finding the Man Under the Skin: Identity, Monstrosity, Expulsion, and the Werewolf’, in The Shadow-Walkers, ed. Shippey, pp. 335–78

Hill Collins, P., and S. Bilge, Intersectionality (Cambridge, UK, 2016)

Høyersten, J. G., ‘Manifestations of Psychiatric Illness in Texts from the Medieval and Viking Era’, Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 2 (2015), 57–60

Hui, J., ‘Bad Beef and Mad Cow Disease in Bósa saga ok Herrauðs’, SS 90.4 (2018), 461–84

Hutter, T., C. Gimbert, F. Bouchard and F.-J. Lapointe, ‘Being Human is a Gut Feeling’, Microbiome 3 (2015), 9

Jennbert, K., Animals and Humans: Recurrent Symbiosis in Archaeology and Old Norse Religion (Lund, 2011)

Jensson, G., ‘Bishop Jón Halldórsson and 14th-Century Innovations in Saga Narrative: The Case of Egils saga einhenda ok Ásmundar berserkjabana’, in Dominican Resonances in Medieval Iceland. The Legacy of Bishop Jón Halldórsson of Skálholt, ed. Gunnar Harðarson and Karl G. Johansson, The Northern World 91 (Leiden, 2021) pp. 59–78

———, ‘“Hvað líðr nú grautnum, genta?” – Greek Storytelling in Jǫtunheimar’, in Fornaldarsagornas, ed. Ármann Jakobsson, Lassen and Ney, pp. 191–203

Jochens, J., ‘Before the Male Gaze: The Absence of the Female Body in Old Norse’, in Sex in the Middle Ages. A Book of Essays, ed. J. Salisbury (New York, 1991), pp. 3–29

———, Old Norse Images of Women (Philadelphia, PA, 1996)

Jóhanna Katrín Friðriksdóttir, Women in Old Norse Literature: Bodies, Words, and Power (New York, 2013)

Johnson, M., ‘Preserving the Body Christian: The Motif of “Recapitation” in Ireland’s Medieval Hagiography’, A Journal of Early Medieval Northwest Europe 10 (2007), n.p.

Jón Viðar Sigurðsson, ‘Distribution of Reliquaries and Relics in the Bishopric of Hólar, c. 1320’, in Paint and Piety: Collected Essays on Medieval Painting and Polychrome Sculpture, ed. N. L. Wenger Streeton and K. Kollandsrud (London, 2014), pp. 67–74

Jones, N. J., ‘Bioethics. Embodied Ethics: From the Body as Specimen and Spectacle to the Body as Patient’, in A Companion to the Anthropology of the Body and Embodiment, ed. F. E. Mascia-Lees (Chichester, 2011), pp. 72–85

Joy, E. A., and C. Dionne, ‘Before the Trains of Thought Have Been Laid Down So Firmly: The Premodern Post/Human’, Postmedieval 1.1 (2010), 1–9

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Kålund, K., Katalog over Den Arnamgnæanske Håndskriftsamling, 2 vols (Copenhagen, 1892)

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