Conclusion and recommendations
While progress has been made in reducing FGM/C prevalence in Kenya, the multiplicity of drivers and the context-specific complexity make it very difficult to pinpoint what really works. There is no one-size-fits-all approach. Instead, each model needs to be uniquely developed with the right stakeholders involved and community engagement as essential elements. Through CLARP, Amref has tried to address the key weaknesses of ARP and emphasise the element of community ownership. Through the years, CLARP as a model has shown many developments, and continuous reflection and adaption of the model remains key if it is to successfully contribute to the eradication of FGM/C.
From a programmatic perspective, there remains a great motivation to work and learn from the practice and CLARP implementations in different contexts. The challenges lie in the collection of consistent quantitative data, in order to convince politicians and duty bearers of the need to act and enforce existing laws.
Measuring behaviour change (and ascertaining how and to what extent interventions are a factor) requires a carefully planned framework, which should account for cultural sensitivities, involve local stakeholders, and employ diverse methodologies to ensure accurate and meaningful results. We hope that by emphasising the long-term monitoring of girls, their needs and priorities remain the focus of our work. To keep a sharp eye on CLARP and its results, it is essential to allow an open and respectful dialogue between implementers and scholars, aiming to overcome the limitations that all actors face in deepening the understanding of FGM/C and the behaviour change that CLARP aims to achieve.
The authors gratefully acknowledge Amref Health Africa, whose support made the Open Access publication of this chapter possible.