Conclusion
The study emphasises the importance of perceived usefulness in adopting FGM/C abandonment, suggesting that highlighting its practical benefits in awareness campaigns is crucial. Behavioural intention to abandon FGM/C is a strong predictor of actual behaviour change. The findings also stress the role of facilitating conditions in promoting awareness and challenging misconceptions about FGM/C, suggesting that addressing technical and organisational aspects of eradication programmes is key to shifting communal narratives.
In addition, the research proposes a model to assess factors influencing FGM/C abandonment, offering insights for more effective interventions. It also provides a roadmap for organisations, focusing on incorporating social norms into eradication programmes. Policies should prioritise altering societal beliefs and engage both peers and influential community members, as their impact on behaviour is stronger than that of superiors. Programme effectiveness should also address practical concerns, such as legal frameworks and financial support.
Strategically, awareness campaigns should target subjective norms and be tailored to both rural and urban populations. Support systems should be established to help individuals resist societal pressure, while regular monitoring and evaluation will ensure the continuous improvement of programmes. A four-phase implementation plan is proposed:
Assessment and Engagement: Baseline assessments and engagement with community leaders.
Design and Launch of Awareness Programmes: Tailored campaigns involving key influencers.
Capacity Building and Support: Provide education, healthcare, and legal support.
Monitoring, Evaluation, and Scaling: Track effectiveness and scale successful strategies.
This roadmap is also relevant for global organisations like UNICEF and UNFPA, which can provide resources and advocacy to support national efforts in the global eradication of FGM/C.