6, Perri and Paul Richards. Mary Douglas: Understanding Social Thought and Conflict (New York: Berghahn Books, 2017).
Abbink, Jon and Tijo Salverda. The Anthropology of Elites: Power, Culture, and the Complexities of Distinction (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013).
African Union Commission of Inquiry on South Sudan. Final Report of the African Union Commission of Inquiry on South Sudan (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: The Commission of Inquiry on South Sudan, 2014).
Agamben, Giorgio. Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life. Translated by Daniel Heller-Roazen (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998).
Akoi, Abraham Diing and Naomi Pendle. ‘“I Kept My Gun”: Remaking and Reproducing Social Distinctions during Return in South Sudan’. Journal of Refugee Studies 33:4 (2020): 791–812.
Allen, Tim. ‘The Violence of Healing’. Sociologus 47:2 (1997): 101–128.
Allen, Tim. ‘Vigilantes, Witches and Vampires: How Moral Populism Shapes Social Accountability in Northern Uganda’. International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 22:3 (2015): 360–386.
Allen, Tim. ‘Witchcraft, Sexuality and HIV/AIDS among the Azande of Sudan’. Journal of Eastern African Studies 1:3 (2007): 359–396.
Allen, Tim, and Kyla Reid. ‘Justice at the Margins: Witches, Poisoners, and Social Accountability in Northern Uganda’. Medical Anthropology 34:2 (2015): 106–123.
Allen, Tim and Mareike Schomerus, A Hard Homecoming: Lessons Learned from the Reception Center Process in Northern Uganda – An Independent Study (Washington, DC: United States Agency for International Development, 2006).
Arjona, Ana, Nelson Kasfir, and Zachariah Mampilly, Rebel Governance in Civil War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015).
Anai, Anai Mangong. ‘Warrap State Peace and Reconciliation Conference – Mayen Rual’ Report of Warrap State Peace and Reconciliation Conference. PACT, Mayen Rual, Southern Sudan, 17 June 2005.
Anderson, David and Douglas Johnson. Revealing Prophets: Prophecy in Eastern African History (London and Athens, OH: James Currey and Ohio University Press, 1995).
Arendt, Hannah. On Revolution (London: Penguin, 1990 [1963]).
Arnold, Matthew B. and Chris Alden. ‘“This Gun is our Food”: Disarming the White Army Militias of South Sudan’. Conflict, Security & Development 7:3 (2007): 361–385.
Ashworth, John and Maura Ryan. ‘“One Nation from Every Tribe, Tongue, and People”: The Church and Strategic Peacebuilding in South Sudan’. Journal of Catholic Social Thought 10:1 (2013): 47–67.
Ashworth, John. ‘Wunlit Peace Conference (1999)’. In John Akec, Lam Akod, John Ashworth, Oliver Albino, Paride Taban, et al. (eds), We Have Lived Too Long to Be Deceived: South Sudanese Discuss the Lessons of Historic Peace Agreements (London: Rift Valley Institute, 2014): 33–36.
Autesserre, Séverine. Peaceland: Conflict Resolution and the Everyday Politics of International Intervention (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014).
Bompani, Barbara and Maria Frahm-Arp. Development and Politics from Below: Exploring Religious Spaces in the African State. Non-governmental Public Action Series (Houndmills and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010).
Chirrilo Madut Anei and Naomi Pendle, Wartime Trade and the Reshaping of Power in South Sudan: Learning from the Market of Mayen-Rual (Nairobi: Rift Valley Institute, 2018).
Jan Bachmann, Naomi Pendle and Leben Moro, ‘The Longue Durée of Short-lived Infrastructure – Roads and State Authority in South Sudan’. Geoforum 133 (2022).
Baczko, Adam, Giles Dorronsoro and Arthur Quesnay. Civil War in Syria: Mobilization and Competing Social Orders (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017).
Baczko, Adam. ‘Legal Rule and Tribal Politics: The US Army and the Taliban in Afghanistan (2001–13)’. In Christian Lund and Michael Eilenberg (eds), Rule and Rupture: State Formation Through the Production of Property and Citizenship (Chichester: Wiley, 2017): 213–234.
Bagayoko, Nassem. ‘Introduction: Hybrid Security Governance in Africa’. IDS Bulletin 43:4 (2012): 1–13.
Bayoumi, Ahmed. ‘The History and Traditional Treatment of Smallpox in the Sudan’. Journal of Eastern African Research and Development 6:1 (1976): 1–10.
Bell, Catherine. Ritual Theory, Ritual Practice (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992).
Bell, Christine. On the Law of Peace: Peace Agreements and the Lex Pacificatoria (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008).
Bell, Christine. ‘Peace Agreements: Their Nature and Legal Status’. American Journal of International Law 100 (2006): 373–412.
Bell, Christine. ‘Peace Settlements and Human Rights: A Post-Cold War Circular History’. Journal of Human Rights Practice 9:3 (2017): 358–378.
Bell, Christine and Jan Pospisil. ‘Navigating Inclusion in Transitions from Conflict: The Formalised Political Unsettlement’. Journal of International Development 29:5 (2017): 576–593.
Bellamy, Alex J. and Charles T. Hunt, ‘Twenty-First Century UN Peace Operations: Protection, Force and the Changing Security Environment’. International Affairs 91:6 (2015): 1277–1298.
Berry, Sara. ‘Chieftaincy, Land, and the State in Ghana and South Africa’. In John Comaroff and Jean Comaroff (eds), The Politics of Custom: Chiefship, Capital and the State in Contemporary Africa (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2018): 79–109.
Berry, Sara. No Condition is Permanent: The Social Dynamics of Agrarian Change in Sub-Saharan Africa (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1993).
Boege, Volker, Anne Brown, Kevin Clements and Anna Nolan. On Hybrid Political Orders and Emerging States: State Formation in the Context of ‘Fragility’ (Berlin: Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management, 2008).
Boehm, Christopher. Blood Revenge: The Enactment and Management of Conflict in Montenegro and other Tribal Societies (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1984).
Boone, Catherine. ‘Land Regimes and the Structure of Politics: Patterns of Land-related Conflict’. Africa 83:1 (2013): 188–203.
Boone, Catherine. ‘Property and Constitutional Order: Land Tenure Reform and the Future of the African State’. African Affairs 106:425 (2007): 557–586.
Boone, Catherine. Property and Political Order in Africa: Land Rights and the Structure of Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014).
Boone, Catherine. ‘Sons of the Soil Conflict in Africa: Institutional Determinants of Ethnic Conflict Over Land’. World Development 96 (2017): 276–293.
Boswell, Alan. ‘Insecure Power and Violence: The Rise and Fall of Paul Malong and the Mathiang Anyoor’. Briefing Paper (Geneva: Small Arms Survey, 2019).
Bourdieu, Pierre and Passeron, Jean-Claude, Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture (London: Sage 1990).
Bourdieu, Pierre. ‘Rethinking the State: Genesis and Structure of the Bureaucratic Field’. Sociological Theory 12:1 (1994): 1–18.
Bourdieu, Pierre. Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste (New York: Routledge, 1984).
Bourdieu, Pierre. ‘The Social Space and the Genesis of Groups’. Theory and Society 14:6 (1985): 723–744.
Bradbury, Mark, John Ryle, Michael Medley and Kwesi Sansculotte-Greenidge. Local Peace Processes in Sudan: A Baseline Study (London: Rift Valley Institute, 2006).
Branch, Adam. ‘The Violence of Peace: Ethno-justice in Northern Uganda’. Development and Change 45:3 (2014): 608–630.
Burton, John W. ‘When the North Winds Blow: A Note on Small Towns and Social Transformation in the Nilotic Sudan’. African Studies Review 31:3 (1988): 49–60.
Caroll, Stuart. Blood and Violence in Early Modern France (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006).
Chandler, D. Empire in Denial: The Politics of State-Building (London: Pluto Press, 2006).
Checchi, Francesco, Adrienne Testa, Abdihamid Warsame, Le Quach and Rachel Burns, ‘Estimates of Crisis-attributable Mortality in South Sudan, December 2013–April 2018’. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 2018, www.lshtm.ac.uk/south-sudan-full-report (accessed 7 December 2020).
Chinn, P. L. and A. Falk-Rafael, ‘Peace and Power: A Theory of Emancipatory Group Process’. Journal of Nursing Scholarship 47:1 (2015): 62–69.
Cleveland, William L. and Martin Bunton. ‘A History of the Modern Middle East’, 4th edn (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2009).
Collins, Robert O. The Land Beyond the Rivers: The Southern Sudan, 1898–1918 (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1971).
Cooper, Neil. ‘Review Article: On the Crisis of the Liberal Peace’. Conflict, Security & Development 7:4 (2007).
Comaroff, Jean and John Comaroff. ‘Occult Economies and the Violence of Abstraction: Notes from the South African Postcolony’. American Ethnologist 26:2 (1999): 279–303.
Comaroff, John and Jean Comaroff. ‘Chiefs, Capital, and the State in Contemporary Africa: An Introduction’. In John Comaroff and Jean Comaroff (eds), The Politics of Custom: Chiefship, Capital, and the State in Contemporary Africa (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2018): 1–48.
Comaroff, John and Jean Comaroff. The Politics of Custom: Chiefship, Capital and the State in Contemporary Africa (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2018).
Cooper, Frederick. ‘Conflict and Connection: Rethinking Colonial African History’. The American Historical Review 99:5 (1994): 1516–1545.
Cooper, Frederick. Africa Since 1940: The Past of the Present (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002).
Copnall, James. A Poisonous Thorn in Our Hearts: Sudan and South Sudan’s Bitter and Incomplete Divorce (London: C. Hurst & Co., 2014).
Cormack, Zoe. ‘Borders are Galaxies: Interpreting Contestations over Local Aministrative Boundaries in South Sudan’. Africa 86:3 (2016): 504–527.
Cormack, Zoe. ‘The Making and Remaking of Gogrial: Landscape, History and Memory in South Sudan’ (PhD diss., Durham University, 2014).
Craze, Joshua. ‘“And Everything Became War”: Warrap State Since the Signing of the R-ARCSS’. HSBA Briefing Paper (Geneva: Small Arms Survey, 2022).
Craze, Joshua. ‘Displaced and Immiserated: The Shilluk of Upper Nile in South Sudan’s Civil War, 2014–2019’. Geneva: Small Arms Survey, 2019, www.smallarmssurveysudan.org/fileadmin/docs/reports/HSBA-Report-South-Sudan-Shilluk.pdf (accessed 5 April 2020).
Craze, Joshua. The Politics of Numbers: On Security Sector Reform in South Sudan, 2005–2020 (London School of Economics, 2021), www.lse.ac.uk/africa/assets/Documents/Politics-of-Numbers-Joshua-Craze.pdf (accessed 6 December 2020).
Craze, Joshua. ‘The War They Call Peace’, Sidecar, 9 July 2021, https://newleftreview.org/sidecar/posts/the-war-they-call-peace (accessed 10 July 2021).
Craze, Joshua. ‘When Peace Produces War: The Case of South Sudan’. Special Report, Risks of Peace in Post-War Yemen Series, https://static1.squarespace.com/static/535dcd87e4b08cab3cb3e421/t/61f9355bfe787d019f61b734/1643722075758/e6b9aed53703337d91b7c7946696764e61f8f68d857c6.pdf (accessed 17 July 2022).
Craze, Joshua. ‘Unclear Lines: State and Non-State Actors in Abyei’. In Christopher Vaughan, Mareike Schomerus and Lotje De Vries (eds), The Borderlands of South Sudan: Authority and Identity in Contemporary and Historical Perspectives (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013): 45–66.
Craze, Joshua and Ferenc David Marko. ‘Death by Peace: How South Sudan’s Peace Agreement Ate the Grassroots’, Debating Ideas (6 January 2022), https://africanarguments.org/2022/01/death-by-peace-how-south-sudans-peace-agreement-ate-the-grassroots (accessed 16 July 2022).
Craze, Joshua, Jérôme Tubiana and Claudio Gramizzi. ‘A State of Disunity: Conflict Dynamics in Unity State, South Sudan, 2013–15’. HSBA Working Paper 42 (Geneva: Small Arms Survey, 2016).
De Boeck, Filip. ‘Postcolonialism, Power and Identity: Local and Global Perspectives from Zaire’. In Richard Werbner and Terence Ranger (eds), Postcolonial Identities in Africa (Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Zed Books, 1996): 75-106.
de Waal, Alex. ‘Peace and the Security Sector in Sudan, 2002–11’. African Security Review 26:2 (2017): 180–198.
de Waal, Alex. ‘Sudan’. In Alpaslan Özerdem and Roger Mac Ginty (eds), Comparing Peace Processes (Abingdon: Routledge, 2019): 303–318.
de Waal, Alex. ‘When Kleptocracy Becomes Insolvent: Brute Causes of the Civil War in South Sudan’. African Affairs 113:452 (2014): 347–369.
de Waal, Alex. Somalia’s Disassembled State: Clan Formation and the Political Marketplace (Boston: World Peace Foundation, 2019).
de Waal, Alex and Naomi Pendle. ‘South Sudan: Decentralization and the Logic of the Political Marketplace’. In L. Biong, and S. Logan (eds), The Struggle for South Sudan (London, I.B. Tauris, 2018).
Deng, David K. ‘“Land Belongs to the Community”: Demystifying the “Global Land Grab” in Southern Sudan’. LDPI Working Paper no. 4 (Rotterdam: Land Deal Politics Initiative 2011).
Deng, Francis Mading and M.W. Daly. Bonds of Silk: Human Factor in the British Administration of the Sudan (East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1990).
Deng, Francis Mading. Customary Law in the Modern World: The Crossfire of Sudan’s War of Identities (Abingdon: Routledge, 2010).
Deng, Francis Mading. Tradition and Modernization: A Challenge for Law among the Dinka of Sudan (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1971).
Deng, Luka Biong. ‘The Sudan Famine of 1998’. IDS Bulletin (Brighton: Institute of Development Studies, 1984).
Dezalay, S. ‘Wars on Law, Wars through Law?’ Journal of Law and Society 47:S1 (2020).
Dijk, Rijk van and Emile van Rouveroy van Nieuwaal. ‘Introduction: The Domestication of Chieftaincy in Africa: From the Imposed to the Imagined’. In Emile van Rouveroy van Nieuwaal and Rijk van Dijk (eds), African Chieftaincy in a New Socio-Political Landscape (Hamburg: Lit Verlag, 1999): 1–20.
Dodge, Toby. ‘“Bourdieu Goes to Baghdad”: Explaining Hybrid Political Identities in Iraq’. Journal of Historical Sociology 31:1 (2018): 25–38.
Dodge, Toby. ‘The Ideological Roots of Failure: The Application of Kinetic Neo-Liberalism to Iraq’. International Affairs 86:6 (2010): 1269–1286,
Douglas, Mary. Implicit Meanings: Selected Essays in Anthropology (London: Routledge, 1975).
Douglas, Mary. Jacob’s Tears: The Priestly Work of Reconciliation (New York, Oxford University Press: 2004).
Douglas, Mary. Leviticus as Literature (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000).
Douglas, Mary and Gerald Mars. ‘Terrorism: A Positive Feedback Game’. Human Relations 56:7 (2003): 763–786.
Duffield, Mark. Development, Security and Unending War: Governing the World of Peoples (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2007).
Duffield, Mark. Global Governance and the New Wars: The Merging of Development and Security (London: Zed Books, 2001).
Džuverović, N. ‘To Romanticise or Not to Romanticise the Local’. Conflict, Security & Development 21:1 (2021): 21–24.
Eggers, Nicole. ‘Authorities that are Customary’. Journal of Eastern African Studies 14:1 (2020): 24–42.
Elfversson, Emma. ‘Peace From Below: Governance and Peacebuilding in Kerio Valley, Kenya’, The Journal of Modern African Studies 54:3 (2016): 469–493.
Ellis, Stephen and Gerrie Ter Haar. Worlds of Power: Religious Thought and Political Practice in Africa (London: C. Hurst & Co., 2004).
Evans-Pritchard, Edward. Nuer Religion (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1956).
Evans-Pritchard, Edward. The Nuer: A Description of the Modes of Livelihood and Political Institutions of a Nilotic People (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1940).
Evans-Pritchard, Edward. ‘The Sacrificial Role of Cattle among the Nuer’. Africa: Journal of the International African Institute 23:3 (1953): 181–198.
Darby, John, and Roger Mac Ginty. Contemporary Peacemaking Conflict, Violence, and Peace Processes (Houndmills and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003).
Elwert, Georg and Thomas Bierschenk. ‘Development Aid as Intervention in Dynamic Systems’, Sociologia Ruralis 28:2/3 (1988): 99–112.
Feierman, Steve. ‘Colonizers, Scholars, and the Creation of Invisible Histories’. In Victoria E. Bonnell and Lynn Hunt (eds), Beyond the Cultural Turn: New Directions in the Study of Society and Culture (London: University of California Press, 1999): 182–216.
Feyissa, Dereje. ‘The Religious Framing of the South Sudanese Civil Wars: The Enduring Legacy of Ngundeng’s Prophecy’. Journal for the Study of the Religions of Africa and its Diaspora 3:1 (2017): 60–77.
Fields, Karen. Revival and Rebellion in Colonial Central Africa. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1985.
Fortna, Virginia Page. Does Peacekeeping Work? Shaping Belligerents’ Choices after Civil War (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2008).
Fortna, Virginia. Peace Time: Cease-Fire Agreements and the Durability of Peace (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2004).
Foucault, Michel. The Birth of Biopolitics: Lectures at the Collège de France 1978–79 (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010).
Fountain, Philip. ‘Toward a Post-secular Anthropology’. The Australian Journal of Anthropology 24:3 (2013): 310–328.
Fukuyama, Francis. The End of History and the Last Man (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1992).
Gagnon, Georgette and John Ryle. ‘Report of an Investigation into Oil Development in Western Upper Nile’. Canadian Auto Workers Union; Steelworkers Humanity Fund; Simons Foundation; United Church of Canada, Division of World Outreach; World Vision Canada, 2001.
Gaonkar, Dilip Parameshwar. ‘Toward New Imaginaries: An Introduction’. Public Culture 14:1 (2002): 1–19.
Gallagher, John and Ronald Robinson. ‘The Imperialism of Free Trade’. The Economic History Review 6:1 (1953): 1–15.
Garang, John. ‘Identifying, Selecting and Implementing Rural Development Strategies for Sudan’ (PhD diss., Iowa State University, 1981).
Geschiere, P. The Modernity of Witchcraft: Politics and the Occult in Post-colonial Africa / Sorcellerie et politique en Afrique: la viande des autres (Charlottesville, VA: University Press of Virginia 1997).
Gessi, Romolo. Seven Years in the Soudan (London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, 1892).
Gluckman, Max. ‘The Peace in the Feud’. Past and Present 8:1 (1955): 1–14.
Graeber, David. ‘Culture as Creative Refusal’. Cambridge Anthropology 31:2 (2013): 1–19.
Graeber, David. ‘Dead Zones of the Imagination: On Violence, Bureaucracy, and Interpretive Labour’. Journal of Ethnographic Theory 2:2 (2012): 105–128.
Graeber, David. Lost People: Magic and the Legacy of Slavery in Madagascar (Indiana, University of Indiana Press, 2007).
Graeber, David. ‘On the Moral Grounds of Economic Relations: A Maussian Approach’ (Chicago, IL: Open Anthropology Cooperative Press, 2010).
Graeber, David. ‘The Sword, the Sponge, and the Paradox of Performativity: Some Observations on Fate, Luck, Financial Chicanery, and the Limits of Human Knowledge’. Social Analysis 56:1 (2012): 25–42.
Graeber, David and Marshall Sahlins. On Kings (Chicago, IL: HAU Books, 2017).
Gray, Richard. A History of the Southern Sudan 1839–1889 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1961).
Gready, Paul and Simon Robins. ‘From Transitional to Transformative Justice: A New Agenda for Practice’. International Journal of Transitional Justice 8:3 (2014): 341–342.
Hansen, Thomas B. and Finn Stepputat. ‘Introduction: States of Imagination’. In Thomas B. Hansen and Finn Stepputat (eds), States of Imagination: Ethnographic Explorations of the Postcolonial State (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2001): 1–40.
Hansen, Thomas B. and Finn Stepputat (eds). Sovereign Bodies: Citizens, Migrants, and States in the Postcolonial World (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2005).
Healy, Sally. ‘Peacemaking in the Midst of War: An Assessment of IGAD’s Contribution to Regional Security’. Crisis States Working Papers Series 2, no. 59 (London: LSE, 2009).
Hellweg, Joseph. ‘Sacrifice, Ethics, and Alinesitoué: Human Rights and Ritual Discourse in a Revolutionary Prophetic Movement’. Journal of Africana Religions 6:1 (2018): 134–142.
Hennings, Jan. Russia and Courtly Europe: Ritual and the Culture of Diplomacy, 1648–1725 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016).
Herbst, Jeffrey. States and Power in Africa: Comparative Lessons in Authority and Control (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2014).
Herzfeld, Michael. ‘Meaning and Morality: A Semiotic Approach to Evil Eye Accusations in a Greek Village’. American Ethnologist 8: 3 (1981): 560–574.
Hoffmann, Kasper. ‘Myths Set in Motion: The Moral Economy of Mai Mai Governance’. In Ana Arjona, Nelson Kasfir and Zachariah Mampilly (eds), Rebel Governance in Civil War (Cambridge: Cambridge Univeristy Press, 2015): 158–179.
Kasper Hoffmann, Koen Vlassenroot and Emery Mudinga, ‘Courses au pouvoir: The Struggle Over Customary Capital in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo’, Journal of Eastern African Studies 14:1 (2020): 125–144.
Howell, Paul Philip. Manual of Nuer Law (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1954).
Howell, Paul Philip. ‘Notes on the Ngork Dinka of Western Kordofan’. Sudan Notes and Records 32:2 (1951): 239–293.
Howell, Paul Philip. ‘Observations on the Shilluk of the Upper Nile: Customary Law – Marriage and the Violation of Rights in Women’. Journal of the International African Institute 23:2 (1953): 94–109.
Hunt, Charles T. ‘Analyzing the Co-Evolution of the Responsibility to Protect and the Protection of Civilians in UN Peace Operations’. International Peacekeeping 26:5 (2019): 630–659.
Hunt, Nancy Rose. A Nervous State: Violence, Remedies, and Reverie in Colonial Congo (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2016).
Hutchinson, Sharon. ‘A Curse from God? Religious and Political Dimensions of the Post-1991 Rise of Ethnic Violence in South Sudan’. The Journal of Modern African Studies 39:2 (2001): 307–331.
Hutchinson, Sharon. ‘“Dangerous to Eat”: Rethinking Pollution States among the Nuer of Sudan’. Africa: Journal of the International African Institute 62:4 (1992): 490–504.
Hutchinson, Sharon. Nuer Dilemmas: Coping with Money, War and the State (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996).
Hutchinson, Sharon. ‘Nuer Ethnicity Militarized’. Anthropology Today 16:3 (2000): 6–13.
Hutchinson, Sharon. ‘The Cattle of Money and the Cattle of Girls among the Nuer, 1930–83’. American Ethnologist 19:2 (1992): 294–316.
Hutchinson, Sharon and Naomi Pendle. ‘Violence, Legitimacy, and Prophecy: Nuer Struggles with Uncertainty in South Sudan’. American Ethnologist 42:3 (2015): 415–430.
Hutton, Lauren, South Sudan: From Fragility at Independence to a Crisis of Sovereignty (The Hague: Clingendael Institute, 2014).
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Appraisal of the Development Program of the Sudan Railways (Washington, DC: World Bank Documents, 1958).
International Crisis Group. South Sudan: Compounding Instability in Unity State (Brussels: International Crisis Group, 2011).
‘Itinerary of the Bahr el Ghazal River’. In Count Gleichen (ed.), The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan: A Compendium Prepared by Officers of the Sudan Government, Volume 1 (London: Harrison and Sons for HMSO, 1905).
James, Wendy. The Listening Ebony: Moral Knowledge, Religion and Power among the Uduk of Sudan (Oxford: Clarendon, 1988).
James, Wendy and Douglas Johnson. Vernacular Christianity: Essays in the Social Anthropology of Religion (Oxford: Lilian Barber Press, 1988).
Janzen, John. Ngoma: Discourses of Healing in Central and Southern Africa (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992).
Johnson Douglas. ‘Briefing: The Crisis in South Sudan’. African Affairs 113:451 (2014): 300–309.
Johnson, Douglas. Empire and the Nuer: Sources on the Pacification of the Southern Sudan, 1898–1930 (Oxford: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, 2016).
Johnson, Douglas. ‘Judicial Regulation and Administrative Control: Customary Law and the Nuer, 1898–1954’. The Journal of African History 27:1 (1986): 59–78.
Johnson, Douglas. ‘New Sudan or South Sudan? The Multiple Meanings of Self-Determination in Sudan’s Comprehensive Peace Agreement’. Civil Wars 15:2 (2013): 141–156.
Johnson, Douglas. Nuer Prophets: A History of Prophecy from the Upper Nile in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994).
Johnson, Douglas. ‘Prophecy and Mahdism in the Upper Nile: An Examination of Local Experiences of the Mahdiyya in Southern Sudan’. British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 20:1 (1993): 42–56.
Johnson, Douglas. South Sudan: A New History for a New Nation (Athens: Ohio University Press, 2016).
Johnson, Douglas. ‘The Great Famine in the Sudan’. In Douglas Johnson and David Anderson (eds), Ecology of Survival: Case Studies from Northeast African History (London: Lester Crook Academic, 1988): 63–64.
Johnson Douglas. ‘The Political Crisis in South Sudan’. African Studies Review 57:3 (2014): 167–174.
Johnson, Douglas. ‘The Return of Ngundeng’s Dang’, Sudan Studies Journal (Sudan Studies Association, 2009).
Johnson, Douglas. The Root Causes of Sudan’s Civil Wars: Peace or Truce (Oxford: James Currey, 2003).
Jok, Jok Madut. Breaking Sudan: The Search for Peace (London: Oneworld Publications, 2017).
Jok, Jok Madut. ‘Lessons in Failure: Peacebuilding in Sudan/South Sudan’. In T. McNamee and M. Muyangwa (eds), The State of Peacebuilding in Africa (Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021).
Jok Madut Jok, Sudan: Race, Religion and Violence (Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2007).
Jok, Jok Madut. ‘The Political History of South Sudan’. In Timothy McKulka (ed.), A Shared Struggle: The People and Cultures of South Sudan (Kingdom of Denmark/ Government of South Sudan/ UN, 2013): 85–144.
Jok, Jok Madut and Hutchinson, Sharon. ‘Sudan’s Prolonged Second Civil War and the Militarization of Nuer and Dinka Ethnic Identities’. African Studies Review 42:2 (1999): 125–145.
Kaldor, Mary. ‘In Defence of New Wars’. Stability: International Journal of Security and Development 2:1 (2013): 1–16.
Kane, Ross. ‘Ritual Formation of Peaceful Publics: Sacrifice and Syncretism in South Sudan (1991– 2005)’. Journal of Religion in Africa 44:3–4 (2014): 386–410.
Kaplan, Robert. D. ‘The Coming Anarchy: How Scarcity, Crime, Overpopulation, Tribalism, and Disease are Rapidly Destroying the Social Fabric of our Planet’. The Atlantic Monthly (February 1994).
Kuper, Adam. ‘The Return of the Native’. Current Anthropology 44:3 (2003): 389–402.
Keen, David. Complex Emergencies (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2007).
Khan, Mushtaq H. ‘Political Settlements and the Analysis of Institutions’. African Affairs 117:469 (2018): 636–655.
Kindersley, Nicki. ‘Rule of Whose Law? The Geography of Authority in Juba, South Sudan’. The Journal of Modern African Studies 57:1 (2019): 61–83.
Kindersley, Nicki and Joseph Diing Majok. Monetized Livelihoods and Militarized Labour in South Sudan’s Borderlands (London: Rift Valley Institute, 2019).
Kleinfield, Rachel and Robert Muggah. ‘No War, No Peace: Healing the World’s Violent Societies’. In Edward de Waal (ed.), Think Peace: Essays for an Age of Disorder (Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2019).
Kratz, Corinne A. ‘“We’ve Always Done It Like This … Except for a Few Details”: “Tradition” and “Innovation” in Okiek Ceremonies’. Comparative Studies in Society and History 35:1 (1993): 30–65.
Kuol, Luka Biong Deng. ‘Dinka Youth in Civil War: Between Cattle, Community and Government’. In Victoria Brereton (ed.), ‘Informal Armies: Community Defence Groups in South Sudan’s Civil War’. Report. London: Saferworld, 2017.
Kuol, Luka Biong Deng. ‘Political Violence and the Emergence of the Dispute over Abyei, Sudan, 1950–1983’, Journal of Eastern African Studies 8:4 (2014): 573–589.
Kurimoto, Eisei. ‘An Ethnography of “Bitterness”: Cucumber and Sacrifice Reconsidered’. Journal of Religion in Africa 22:1 (1992): 47–65.
Kuyok, Kuyok Abol. South Sudan: The Notable Firsts (Milton Keynes: AuthorHouse UK, 2015).
Kyed, Helene Maria and Lars Buur. ‘Introduction: Traditional Authority and Democratization in Africa’. In Lars Buur and Helene Maria Kyed (eds), State Recognition and Democratization in Sub-Saharan Africa: A New Dawn for Traditional Authorities? (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007): 1–30.
Lentz, Carola. Ethnicity and the Making of History in Northern Ghana (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2006).
Leonardi, Cherry. Dealing with Government in South Sudan: History of Chiefship, Community and State (Woodbridge: James Currey, 2013).
Leonardi, Cherry. ‘“Liberation” or Capture: Youth in between “Hakuma” and “Home” during Civil War and its Aftermath in Southern Sudan’. African Affairs 106:424 (2007): 391–412.
Leonardi, Cherry. ‘Paying “Buckets of Blood” for the Land: Moral Debates over Economy, War and State in Southern Sudan’. The Journal of Modern African Studies 49:2 (2011): 215–240.
Leonardi, Cherry. ‘Points of Order? Local Government Meetings as Negotiation Tables in South Sudanese History’. Journal of East African Studies 9:4 (2015): 650–668.
Leonardi, Cherry, Leben Moro, Martina Santschi and Deborah Isser. Local Justice in South Sudan (London: Rift Valley Institute, 2010).
Leonardsson, Hanna and Gustav Rudd. ‘The “Local Turn” in Peacebuilding: A Literature Review of Effective and Emancipatory Local Peacebuilding’. Third World Quarterly 36:5 (2015): 825–839.
Lewis, B.A. ‘The Nuer Political Problem’, SSNA UNP 66.G.3 (Province Archives, Malakal, December 1944), 44–47.
Lewis, B.A. The Murle – Red Chiefs & Black Commoners (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972).
Lienhardt, Godfrey. Divinity and Experience: The Religion of the Dinka (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1961).
Lienhardt, Godfrey. ‘Religion’. In Harry L. Shapiro (ed.), Man, Culture, and Society (New York: Oxford University Press, 1956).
Lonsdale John. ‘Moral & Political Argument in Kenya’. In Bruce Berman, Will Kymlicka and Dickson Eyoh (eds), Ethnicity & Democracy in Africa (Oxford: James Currey, 2004): 73–95.
Lowrey, William. O. ‘A Flicker of Hope in Sudan’ (Washington, DC: Sudan Open Archive, 1998).
Lowrey, William O. Dinka-Nuer Reconciliation Conference (Washington, DC: Sudan Open Archive, 2002), www.sudanarchive.net/?a=d&d=SLPD19990200-01 (accessed 11 December 2022).
Lowrey, William O. ‘Passing the Peace … People to People: The Role Of Religion in an Indigenous Peace Process among the Nuer People of Sudan’ (PhD diss., Union Institute Graduate School, 1995).
Lubkemann, Stephen. Culture in Chaos: An Anthropology of the Social Condition in War (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2008).
Lugard, Frederick. The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa (Abingdon: Frank Case & Co, 1922).
Lupton, Frank and Malcolm Lupton. ‘Mr. Frank Lupton’s (Lupton Bey) Geographical Observations in the Bahr-el-Ghazal Region: With Introductory Remarks by Malcolm Lupton’ Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography 6:5 (1884): 245–255.
Mac Ginty, Roger. ‘Hybrid Peace: The Interaction between Top-Down and Bottom-Up Peace’. Security Dialogue 41:4 (2010): 391–412;
Mac Ginty, Roger. ‘Indicators: A Proposal for Everyday Peace Indicators’. Evaluation and Program Planning 36:1 (2013): 56–63.
Mac Ginty, Roger. ‘Indigenous Peace-Making versus the Liberal Peace’. Cooperation and Conflict 43:2 (2008): 139–163.
Mac Ginty, Roger and Oliver Richmond. ‘The Local Turn in Peace Building: A Critical Agenda for Peace’. Third World Quarterly 34:5 (2013): 763–783.
Macdonald, Anna. ‘Transitional Justice and Political Economies of Survival in Post-conflict Northern Uganda’. Development and Change 48:2 (2017): 286–311.
Maine, Henry. Ancient Law (J.M. Dent & Sons, 1861).
Mamdani, Mahmood. Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996).
Mamdani, Mahmood. ‘The Trouble with South Sudan’s New Peace Deal: The Revitalized Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan (R-ARCSS)’. The Zambakari Advisory, Special Issue (2019): 58–60.
Marriage, Zoe. Formal Peace and Informal War: Security and Development in Congo (Abingdon: Routledge, 2013).
Massoud, Mark Fathi. Law’s Fragile State: Colonial, Authoritarian, and Humanitarian Legacies in Sudan (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2013).
Massoud, Mark Fathi. ‘Theology of the Rule of Law’, Hague Journal on the Rule of Law, HJRL 11:2/3 (2019): 485–491.
Matthew, Arnold and Matthew LeRiche. South Sudan: From Revolution to Independence (London: C. Hurst and Co., 2012).
Mawson, Andrew. ‘The Triumph of Life: Political Dispute and Religious Ceremonial Among the Agar Dinka of the Southern Sudan’ (PhD diss., Darwin College, 1989).
Mawut, L. L. ‘The Southern Sudan Under British Rule 1898–1924: The Constraints Reassessed’ (PhD diss., Durham University, 1995).
McCall, Storrs. ‘Unpublished Manuscript on the History of the First Civil War in South Sudan (Anya-Nya)’ (Sudan Open Archive, 1972).
McCallum, Judith. ‘Wunlit Conference (1999)’. In John Akec et al. (eds), We Have Lived Too Long to Be Deceived: South Sudanese Discuss the Lessons of Historic Peace Agreements (London: Rift Valley Institute, 2014): 29–30.
McEvoy, Claire and Gergely Hideg. ‘Global Violent Deaths 2017: Time to Decide’ (Geneva: Small Arms Survey, 2017).
Meierhenrich, J. The Remnants of the Rechtsstaat: An Ethnography of Nazi Law (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018).
Menkhaus, Kenneth, ‘International Peacebuilding and the Dynamics of Local and National Reconciliation in Somalia’. International Peacekeeping 3:1 (1996): 42–67.
Merry, Sally Engle. ‘The Rule of Law and Authoritarian Rule: Legal Politics in Sudan’. Law and Social Inquiry 41:2 (2016): 465–470.
Meyer, Birgit and Peter Geschiere (eds). Globalization and Identity: Dialectics of Flow and Closure (Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 1999).
Millar, Gearoid. ‘For Whom do Local Peace Processes Function? Maintaining Control through Conflict Management’. Cooperation and Conflict 52:3 (2017): 293–308.
Migiro, Katy. ‘Aid Groups Raise Fears of Escalating Violence in South Sudan’. Reuters (21 May 2015).
Moodie, Ellen. El Salvador in the Aftermath of Peace: Crime, Uncertainty, and the Transition to Democracy (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2010).
Moore, Sally Falk. Law as Process: An Anthropological Approach (Oxford: James Currey, 2000).
Morrice, H. A. ‘The Development of Sudan Communications’. Sudan Notes and Records 30:1 (1949): 1–38.
Munive, Jairo. ‘Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration in South Sudan: The Limits of Conventional Peace and Security Templates’. DIIS Report no. 2013:07. Danish Institute for International Studies, 2013, www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/97057 (accessed 17 July 2022).
Nadarajah, Suthaharan. ‘“Conflict-Sensitive” Aid and Making Liberal Peace’. In Mark Duffield and Vernon Hewitt (eds), Empire, Development & Colonialism: The Past in the Present (Woodbridge: James Currey, 2009): 59–73.
Nafziger, Wayne and Juha Auvinen. Economic Development, Inequality, and War: Humanitarian Emergencies in Developing Countries (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003).
New Sudan Council of Churches. The Story of People-to-People Peacemaking in Southern Sudan (Nairobi: NSCC, 2002).
Newman, Edward, Roland Paris and Oliver Richmond (eds). New Perspectives on Liberal Peace-building (Tokyo: UN University Press, 2009)
Nhial, Nhial Deng, Wunlit – Dinka-Nuer West Bank Peace and Reconciliation Conference (Wunlit: NSCC, February 1999), page 8, www.sudanarchive.net/?a=d&d=SLPD19990200-01 (accessed 11 December 2022).
Nikkel, Mark R. Dinka Christianity: The Origins and Development of Christianity among the Dinka of Sudan with Special Reference to the Songs of Dinka Christians (Nairobi: Paulines Publications Africa, 2001).
Nyaba, Peter Adwok. The Disarmament of the Gel-Weng of Bahr El Ghazal and the Consolidation of the Nuer – Dinka Peace Agreement 1999 (Rotterdam: Pax Christi for New Sudan Council of Churches, 2001).
Nyaba, Peter Adwok. ‘The Fundamental Problems of South Sudan: How to Sustain Peace and Conditions of Socio-economic Development’, The Zambakari Advisory: Special Issue (2019): 20–24.
Nyaba, Peter Adwok. The Politics of Liberation in South Sudan: An Insider’s View (Kampala: Fountain Publishers, 1997).
Ong, Lynette. ‘“Thugs-for-Hire”: Subcontracting of State Coercion and State Capacity in China’. Perspectives on Politics 16:3 (2018): 680–695.
Ong’ondi, Tinega and Simon Simonse. ‘Conflict in the Greater Gogrial: Report of the Fact Finding Mission to Assess the Possibility of a Church led Mediation Process’. Unpublished, 2008.
Oppenheim, Naomi. ‘Popular History in the Black British Press: Edward Scobie’s Tropic and Flamingo, 1960–64’, Immigrants & Minorities 37:3 (2019): 136–162.
Paffenholz, T. ‘Unpacking the Local Turn in Peacebuilding’, Third World Quarterly 36:5 (2015): 857–874.
Page, C. H. ‘Inland Water Navigation of the Sudan’. Sudan Notes and Records 2:4 (1919): 293–306.
Pankhurst, Richard and Douglas Johnson. ‘The Great Drought and Famine of 1888–1892 in Northeast Africa’. In Douglas Johnson and David Anderson (eds), Ecology of Survival: Case Studies from Northeast African History (London: Lester Crook Academic, 1988).
Paris, Roland. At War’s End: Building Peace after Civil Conflict (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004).
Paris, Roland. ‘International Peacebuilding and the “Mission Civilisatrice”’. Review of International Studies 28:4 (2002): 637–656.
Parry, Jonathan and Maurice Bloch. Money and the Morality of Exchange (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989).
Pendle, Naomi. ‘Commanders, Classrooms, Cows and Churches: Accountability and the Construction of a South Sudanese Elite’. In Wale Adebanwi and Roger Orock (eds), Elites and the Politics of Accountability in Africa (Ann Arbor: Michigan University Press, 2021).
Pendle, Naomi, ‘Competing Authorities and Norms of Restraint: Governing Community-Embedded Armed Groups in South Sudan’. International Interactions 47:5 (2021): 873–897.
Pendle, Naomi. ‘Contesting the Militarization of the Places Where they Met: The Landscapes of the Western Nuer and Dinka (South Sudan)’. Journal of Eastern African Studies 11:1 (2017): 64–85.
Pendle, Naomi ‘Politics, Prophets and Armed Mobilizations: Competition and Continuity over Registers of Authority in South Sudan’s Conflicts’. Journal of Eastern African Studies 14:1 (2020): 43–62.
Pendle, Naomi. ‘“The Dead Are Just To Drink From”: Recycling Ideas of Revenge among the Western Dinka, South Sudan’. Africa 88:1 (2018): 99–121.
Pendle, Naomi. ‘The “Nuer of Dinka Money” and the Demands of the Dead: Contesting the Moral Limits of Monetised Politics in South Sudan’. Conflict,Security & Development 20:5 (2021): 587–605.
Pendle, Naomi. ‘“They Are Now Community Police”: Negotiating the Boundaries and Nature of the Government in South Sudan through the Identity of Militarised Cattle-Keepers’. International Journal of Minority and Group Rights 22:3 (2015): 410–434.
Pinaud, Clémence, ‘South Sudan: Civil War, Predation and the Making of a Military Aristocracy’. African Affairs 113:451 (2014): 192–211.
Pinaud, Clémence, War and Genocide in South Sudan (Ithaca, NY and London: Cornell University Press, 2021).
Pospíšil, Jan, Peace in Political Unsettlement : Beyond Solving Conflict (Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019).
Power, Thomas and Eve Warburton (eds), Democracy in Indonesia: From Stagnation to Regression? (Singapore: ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute, 2020): 303–325.
Prunier, Gérard and Rachel M. Gisselquist. ‘The Sudan: A Successfully Failed State’. In Robert Rotberg (ed.), State Failure and State Weakness in a Time of Terror (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 2003): 101–127.
Pugh, Michael. ‘Local Agency and Political Economies of Peacebuilding’. Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism 11:2 (2011): 308–320.
Pugh, Michael. ‘The Political Economy of Peacebuilding: A Critical Theory Perspective’. International Journal of Peace Studies 10:2 (2005): 23–42.
Ranger, Terence. ‘The Invention of Tradition in Colonial Africa’. In Eric Hobsbawm and Terence Ranger (eds), The Invention of Tradition (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983): 211–262.
Rappaport, Roy. Ritual and Religion in the Making of Humanity (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999).
Richards, Paul. ‘To Fight or to Farm? Agrarian Dimensions of the Mano River Conflicts (Liberia and Sierra Leone)’. African Affairs 104:417 (2005): 571–590.
Richmond, Oliver P. ‘The Problem of Peace: Understanding the “Liberal Peace”’. Conflict, Security & Development 6:3 (2006): 291–314.
Richmond, Oliver P. ‘A Post-liberal Peace: Eirenism and the Everyday’. Review of International Studies 35:3 (209): 557–580.
Richmond, Oliver P. and Audra Mitchell. Hybrid Forms of Peace from Everyday Agency to Post-liberalism (Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012).
Riek, Jedeit J. and Naomi Pendle. Speaking Truth to Power in South Sudan: Oral Histories of the Nuer Prophets (London: Rift Valley Institute, 2018).
Roelofs, Portia. ‘Contesting Localisation in Interfaith Peacebuilding in Northern Nigeria’. Oxford Development Studies 48:4 (2020): 373–386.
Rolandsen, Øystein. ‘A False Start: Between War and Peace in the Southern Sudan, 1956–62’. The Journal of African History 52:1 (2011): 105–123.
Rolandsen, Øystein. ‘Civil War Society? Political Processes, Social Groups and Conflict Intensity in the Southern Sudan, 1955–2005’ (PhD diss., University of Oslo, 2010).
Rolandsen, Øystein. ‘The Making of the Anya-Nya Insurgency in the Southern Sudan 1961–64’. Journal of Eastern African Studies 5:2 (2011): 211–232.
Rolandsen, Øystein and Nicki Kindersley. South Sudan: A Political Economy Analysis (Oslo: Norwegian Institute of International Affairs, 2017).
Rowe, John A. and Kjell Hødnebø. ‘Rinderpest in the Sudan 1888–1890: The Mystery of the Missing Panzootic’. Sudanic Africa 5 (1994): 149–178.
Rt Rev. Peter Gail Lual Marrow, Chairman South Sudan Council of Churches. ‘A Statement From Kigali’ during church leaders’ retreat, Kigali, Rwanda, 1–7 July 2015.
Sahlins, Marshall. Culture and Practical Reason (Chicago, IL and London: University of Chicago Press, 1976).
San Martín, Inés. ‘From Conversion Therapy to Immigration, Church Draws Fire in Spain’. Crux: Taking the Catholic Pulse (11 April 2019).
Sanderson, L. P. and N. Sanderson. Education, Religion and Politics in Southern Sudan, 1899–1964 (London and Khartoum: Ithaca Press, 1981).
Santschi, Martina. ‘Encountering and “Capturing” Hakuma: Negotiating Statehood and Authority in Northern Bahr-El-Ghazal State, South Sudan’ (PhD diss., University of Bern, 2013).
Schierup, Carl-Ulrik (ed.). Scramble for the Balkans: Nationalism, Globalism and the Political Economy of Reconstruction (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1999).
Schmitt, Carl. Political Theology: Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty. Translated by George Schwab (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2005 [1922]).
Schweinfurth, Georg. The Heart of Africa: Three Years’ Travels and Adventures in the Unexplored Regions of Central Africa, From 1868 to 1871, Volume 1 (New York: Harper, 1874).
Scott, James C. Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. Yale Agrarian Studies (New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 1998).
Shore, Chris and Stephen Nugent. Elite Cultures: Anthropological Perspectives (London: Routledge, 2002).
Sikainga, Ahmad Alawad. City of Steel and Fire – A Social History of Atbara, Sudan’s Railway Town (1906–1984) (Oxford: James Currey, 2002).
Small Arms Survey, ‘Spreading Fallout: The Collapse of the ARCSS and New Conflict along the Equatorias-DRC Border’, HSBA Issue Brief (2017), www.smallarmssurvey.org/sites/default/files/resources/HSBA-IB28-Spreading-Fallout.pdf (accessed 17 July 2022).
Snowden, John. ‘Work in Progress: Security Force Development in South Sudan through February 2012’. Working Paper no. 27 (Geneva: Small Arms Survey, 2012).
Spiegel, Samuel, Hazel Gray, Barbara Bompani, Kevin Bardosh and James Smith. ‘Decolonising Online Development Studies? Emancipatory aspirations and critical reflections – a case study’. Third World Quarterly 38:2 (2017): 270–290.
Spear, Thomas. ‘Neo-traditionalism and the Limits of Invention in British Colonial Africa’. The Journal of African History 44:1 (2003): 3–27.
Srinivasan, Sharath. When Peace Kills Politics: International Intervention and Unending Wars in the Sudans (London: Hurst & Company, 2021).
Stewart, Pamela J. and Andrew J. Strathern. Violence: Theory and Ethnography (London: Continuum, 2002).
Summers, Marc and Stephanie Schwartz. Dowry and Division: Youth and State Building in South Sudan (Washington DC: USIP, 2011).
Swartz, David. The Sociology of Pierre Bourdieu (London: The University of Chicago Press, 1997).
Tapscott, Rebecca. Arbitrary States (Oxford: Oxford UP, 2021).
Tapscott, Rebecca. ‘Vigilantes and the State: Understanding Violence through a Security Assemblages Approach’. Perspectives on Politics (June 2021): 1–16.
The Carter Center. Observing Sudan’s 2010 National Elections (Atlanta, GA: The Carter Center, 2010).
Thomas, Edward. South Sudan: A Slow Liberation (London: Zed Books, 2015).
Thompson, Edward Palmer. Whigs and Hunters: The Origin of the Back Act (London: Breviary Stuff Publications, 2013 [1975]).
Tinné, John. ‘A Communication from Mr. Tinné Relative to the Dutch Ladies’ Expedition from Khartùm up the River Bahr-el-Ghazal, Commencing 26 February, at a Point on the White Nile’. Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London 8:1 (1863–1864): 12–18.
Titherington, G. W. ‘The Riak Dinka of Bahe El Ghazal Province’. Sudan Notes and Records 10 (1927): 159–209.
Tounsel, Christopher. Chosen Peoples: Christianity and Political Imagination in South Sudan (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2021).
Tounsel, Christopher. ‘Khartoum Goliath: SPLM/SPLA Update and Martial Theology during the Second Sudanese Civil War’. Journal of Africana Religions 4:2 (2016): 129–153.
Tvedt, Terje. The River Nile in the Age of the British: Political Ecology and the Quest for Economic Power (London: I.B. Tauris, 2016).
Uvin, Peter. Aiding Violence: The Development Enterprise in Rwanda (Williamsburg, MA: Kumarian Press, 1998).
Van Bockhaven, Vicky. ‘Anioto and Nebeli: Local Power Bases and the Negotiation of Customary Chieftaincy in the Belgian Congo (ca. 1930–1950)’. Journal of Eastern African Studies 14:1 (2020): 63–83.
Van Bockhaven, Vicky. ‘Anioto: Leopard-men Killings and Institutional Dynamism in Northeast Congo, c. 1890–1940’. The Journal of African History 59:1 (2018): 21–44.
Venugopal, Rajech. Nationalism, Development and Ethnic Conflict in Sri Lanka (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018).
Verweijen, Judith & Vicky Van Bockhaven. ‘Revisiting Colonial Legacies in Knowledge Production on Customary Authority in Central and East Africa’. Journal of Eastern African Studies 14:1 (2020): 1–23.
Vezzadini, Elena. ‘Setting the Scene of the Crime: The Colonial Archive, History, and Racialisation of the 1924 Revolution in Anglo-Egyptian Sudan’. Canadian Journal of African Studies 49:1 (2015): 67–93.
Vick, Karl. ‘A New Peace in Sudan’. Washington Post (7 July 1999), www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1999/07/07/a-new-peace-in-sudan/7c064da9-d5d2-4b17-84cc-03ef04c4a36c (accessed 19 October 2022).
Vlassenroot, Koen. ‘Citizenship, Identity Formation & Conflict in South Kivu: The Case of the Banyamulenge’. Review of African Political Economy 29:93–94 (2007): 499–516.
Walzer, Michael. ‘Can There Be a Decent Left?’ Dissent (Spring 2002).
Werner, Roland, William Anderson and Andrew Wheeler. Day of Devastation, Day of Contentment: The History of the Sudanese Church across 2000 years (Nairobi: Paulines Publications Africa, 2000).
Wheeler, Andrew. ‘Finding Meaning Amid the Chaos: Narratives of Significance in the Sudanese Church’. In Niels Kastfelt (ed.), Religion and African Civil Wars (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005): 54–81.
Wheeler, Skye. ‘South Sudan’s New War: Abuses by Government and Opposition Forces’ (New York: Human Rights Watch, 2014).
Wheeler, Skye and Samer Muscati. ‘“They Burned It All”: Destruction of Villages, Killings, and Sexual Violence in Unity State, South Sudan’ (New York: Human Rights Watch, 2015).
White, L. Speaking with Vampires: Rumor and History in Colonial Africa. Studies on the History of Society and Culture (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000).
Wickens, G. E. ‘Dr. G. Schweinfurth’s Journeys in the Sudan’. Kew Bulletin 27:1 (1972): 129–146.
Willems, Rens and David Deng. ‘Justice and Conflict in South Sudan: Observations from a Pilot Study’ (The Hague: University for Peace, 2015).
Willis, Charles A. with Arthur H. Alban, The Upper Nile Province Handbook: A Report on Peoples and Government in the Southern Sudan, edited by Douglas H. Johnson (Oxford: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, 1995 [1931]).
Willis, Justin. ‘Hukm: The Creolization of Authority in Condominium Sudan’. The Journal of African History 46:1 (2005): 29–50.
Wilson, Jacqueline. ‘Local Peace Processes in Sudan and South Sudan’. Peaceworks (Washington, DC: US Institute for Peace, 2014).
Wilson, Salim. I Was a Slave (London: Stanley Paul, 1939).
Woodward, Peter. ‘Review of City of Steel and Fire – A Social History of Atbara, Sudan’s Railway Town (1906–1984) by Ahmad Alawad Sikainga’. Annales d’Éthiopie 20 (2004): 281–283.
Woodward, Susan. Balkan Tragedy: Chaos and Dissolution after the Cold War (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1995).
Young, John. Isolation and Endurance: Riek Machar and the SPLM-IO in 2016–17 (Geneva: Small Arms Survey, 2017).
Young, John. South Sudan’s Civil War: Violence, Insurgency, and Failed Peacemaking (London: Zed Books, 2019).
Young, John. ‘Sudan People’s Liberation Army Disarmament in Jonglei and its Implications’. Paper no. 137 (Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, 2007), https://journals.co.za/doi/abs/10.10520/EJC48795 (accessed 17 July 2022).
Young, John. The Fate of Sudan: The Origins and Consequences of a Flawed Peace Process (London: Zed Books, 2012).
Young, John. ‘The South Sudan Defence Forces in the Wake of the Juba Declaration’. Working Paper no. 1 (Geneva: Small Arms Survey, 2006).
Zink, Jesse A. Christianity and Catastrophe in South Sudan (Waco, TX: Baylor Press, 2018).